'I I » ■ II I »- 1 I « < 



THE SOUTH 
IN THE BUILDING 



OF 



THE NATION 



SUGGESTIVE READING 

AND — 

STUDY COURSES 



■* 



IN THE 



BUILDING OF THE NAT] 



SUGGESTIVE READING AND 
STUDY COURSES 



PREPARED BY 



J. WALKER McSPADDEN 

Author of "Famous Painters of America, " Etc. 



COMPLIMENTS OF 

THE SOUTHERN PUBLICATION SOCIETY 

RICHMOND ATLANTA 



COPIBIGHT, 1912, 
BY THE 

Southern Publication Society. 






•A 



TO THE READER 




IHIS little book is offered as a key to a wonderful 
storehouse— unlocking the entire range of history 
and life past and present of the Southern States. 
The people and events that have made the name 
of the South famous have at last been recorded fully 
and truthfully in a monumental Library known as THE 
SOUTH IN THE BUILDING OF THE NATION. 
Here in twelve generous volumes, contributed to by the 
ablest authorities in every State, you will find a wonderful 
story, not only for the South as a whole, but also for each 
individual State. It is a story of progress and develop- 
ment—misunderstanding and war— reunion, peace, and pros- 
perity — wr it large on the annals of our Nation for the last 
three hundred years. 

The very wealth of material, however, is apt to confuse 
the reader who sees this splendid Library for the first time. 
There is so much of interest and value that it is an "em- 
barrassment of riches." For this reason the present Read- 
ing and Study Course has been prepared, to point out some 
of its important features. 

Are you interested in History? Here is a story fascinat- 
ing as fiction, yet true in every detail, showing the part 
played by the South in the building of the Nation— showing 
how each State was created out of the wilderness— and 
telling of every phase of State life for three centuries. 

Are you a student of Politics and Economics? Some of 
the keenest thinkers and most incisive writers in America 
have here traced for you the South's share in these very 
important fields. 

Are you interested in Sociology, Racial Problems, or 
Social Movements? Here again you will find interesting 
and valuable lines of research. Each and every subject, 
such as Education, Science, Art, Religion, Temperance, 

3 



Labor, the Professions, etc., receive thorough-going treat- 
ment at the hands of the writers and experts best fitted to 
handle them. 

Perhaps you are of literary bent? The literary achieve- 
ments of each State are traced, as well as those of the South 
as a whole. The criticisms and estimates are scholarly and 
illuminating; while well-written biographies place you in 
intimate touch with the career of every important writer. 
An entire volume is devoted to examples of the work of the 
South's fiction writers. « 

If you are especially interested in culture and aesthetics, 
you will find sections devoted to Music, Painting, Sculpture, 
Pottery, and Architecture. In a word, this comprehensive 
Library provides abundant material for every reading taste. 

The Courses outlined in the present handbook are not 
exhaustive, but merely suggestive. A similar work prepared 
for a single State, a few months ago, ran into twenty-six 
pages. Where we have fifteen States and the general sub- 
ject to treat, space forbids us to give more than a working 
outline under any one head. But enough is given to enable 
the reader to follow congenial lines for himself. 

Not only individual readers, but also study clubs, reading 
circles, and classes in schools and colleges, may find some- 
thing here of help and mental stimulus. What, indeed, 
could be more practical, now that the South has come 
again into her own, than a course in Southern history and 
affairs? To every careful reader and earnest student, 
North and South, this book is offered as a quick guide and 
introduction to a fountain source of fact — THE SOUTH 
IN THE BUILDING OF THE NATION. 



GENERAL HISTORY 

From Colony to Territory (II, 243-283) 

The Alabama-Tombigbee Basin — Alabama a Geograph- 
ical Unit — Indians — Spanish Explorers — French Coloni- 
zation — British West Florida — Spanish West Florida — 
The Territorial Governments. 

From Statehood to the Confederacy (II, 271-290) 

Admission to the Union — Growth and Development — 
Indian Lands — Nullification — State Banking — Political 
Conditions — How the Mexican War Affected the State — 
The Slavery Question — Industrial and Economic Ques- 
tions — Secession — Alabama During the Civil War. 

The Reconstruction Period (II, 293-311) 

Conditions After the War — Confiscation of Property- 
Economic Questions — Lack of State Organization — 
Johnson's Restoration Plans — Constitutional Conven- 
tions — Reconstruction by Congress — Carpet-bag and 
Negro Rule— Readjustment. 

From 1880 to the Present Time (II, 312-331) 

Rise of the New Alabama — Constitution — Spanish- 
American War — Industrial and Educational Progress- 
Prohibition. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS^ 

Interstate Relations (IV, 150-1) 

Alabama and West Florida — Water Boundaries. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Early Land Laws, 59 — Negro population, 111 — Rice 
Crops, 171 — Cereals, 221 — Live Stock, 252 — Mining.. 
275 — Manufactures, 331 — Banking, 462 — Finances, 
498— Wealth, 630. 

[5] • 



6 Alabama 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Cotton, 87 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 175 — Manufac- 
tures, 253 — Foreign Trade, 353 — Wealth, 390, 619 — 
Banking, 429 — Finances, 480 — Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, VIII XI, XII) 

Poets: Meek, VII, 17, 29— Peck, VII, 52; XII, 25 — 

Ryan, XII, 368. 

Humorists: Baldwin, VII, 72, 79— Hooper, VII, 72, 77; 

VIII, xlv, 186. 

Historians: Hamilton, VII, 96; XI, 434 — Semmes, VII, 

109; XII, 377. 

Novelists: Fenollosa, XI, 341— Wilson, XII, 562. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspaper, VII, 419, 426, 470 — Langdon, VII, 
476— Sanford, VII, 477— Meek, VII, 477. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Abercrombie, XI, 1 — Wyman, VII, 155 — Vaughn, VII, 
216— Ross, VII, 230— Southall, VII, 236. 

Other Professions (VII, X, XI, XII) 

Lawyers: Taylor, VII, 336 — Yancey, VII, 346; XII, 
577— Walker, VII, 346 — Clay, VII, 346. Physician: 
Nott, VII, 365. Clergymen: Barmwell, XI, 47— Cobbs, 

XI, 220— Ourry, VII, 516— Wilmer, VII, 524. 
Painters: Bridgeman, X, 679 — Robbins, X, 680. 

Soldiers and Statesmen (IX, XI, XII) 

Hardee, XI, 441— Morgan, XI, 209— Wheeler, XI, 
541— Fitzpatrick, XI, 346— King, XII, 43— Morgan, 

XII, 210— Yancey, XII, 577; IX, 329. 

Social Life (X) 

Early Industrial Development, 24 — Tuskeegee, 32 — 
Original Territory, 107 — Noted Men, 115 — French 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 



settlements, 124 — Spanish Expeditions, 128 — Spanish 
Control, 136 — Germans, 139 — Jews, 155 — Indians, 
158 — Rise of Colleges, 205 — University of Alabama, 221, 
246 — Baptist and Methodist Influence, 226 — Roman 
Catholic Influence, 250 — ■ Colleges and Universities, 
255 — Medical Colleges, 305 — Theological Seminaries, 
312 — Technical Education, 355 — Child Labor, 585 — 
Settlement Work, 616. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

In what year did the Spanish explore Alabama? (II, 247) 
How did the European wars in the 17th and 18th centuries 

affect this colony? (II, 251-5) 
Who was the first colonial governor? (II, 257) 
What effect did the Revolution have upon the colony? (II, 

259) 
How did the Louisiana Purchase affect it? (II, 263) 
What was Alabama's share in the War of 1812? (II, 266-9) 
In what year was Alabama admitted into the Union? (II, 

271) 
Who was the first governor? (II, 273) 
What were the chief towns at this time? (II, 273-4) 
When were the Indians finally driven out? (II, 277) 
What was Alabama's experiencei n State banking? (II, 279) 
When did the first railroads enter the State? (II, 285) 
In what city was the Confederacy organized? (II, 289) 
What important naval battle was fought in State waters, 

and when? (II, 291) 
Who were the Jeffersonian Democrats? (II, 317) 
What two Alabamians served as generals in the Spanish- 
American War? (II, 322) 
How does Alabama rank in the production of cotton? (II, 

328) 
When and where was the first newspaper established? (VII, 

419) 



8 Alabama 

What noted lawyers? Doctors? Clergymen? (VII) 
What poets has Alabama produced? Humorists? His- 
torians? Novelists? (VII) 
What does the State do for technical education? (X, 355) 
What is the attitude toward child labor? (X, 585) 
How many colleges and universities are there in the State? 
What noted educators have come from Alabama? (VII, 

155, 476, 477; XI) 
What painters? (X, 679, 680) 
Give the history of Tuskeegee. (X, 32) 
What religious bodies have exerted the greatest influence'' in 

the State? (X) 
What is Alabama's share of foreign trade? (VI, 353) 
How does the State rank in mining? In manufactures? In 
banking? (VI) 



ARKANSAS 
GENERAL HISTORY 

From 1539 to 1836 (III, 263-292) 

Early Discoveries — De Soto — Indians — French Rule — 
Spanish Rule— A Part of the United States— A Part of 
Louisiana and Missouri — A Separate Territory — Gov- 
ernment — Boundary Questions — Steps to Statehood — 
Manners and Customs — Population— Frontier Life — 
Educational and Religious Conditions — Economic Con- 
ditions — Duelling. 

From Statehood to the Confederacy (III, 293-306) 

Admission to the Union — Growth — Politics — Economic 
and Social Conditions— Wildcat Banking— Share in the 
Mexican War — Interstate Disputes — Secession. 

Reconstruction and Modern Progress (III, 307-334) 
Outbreak of Hostilities— The War in Arkansas— The 
Trans-Mississippi Department — Domestic Hardships — 
Campaigns of 1863 and 1864— Return of Peace— Re- 
construction — Martial Law — Registration — The 
Brooks-Baxter Conflict — Democratic Control— Recent 
Progress. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Early Land Laws, 54— Negro Population, 111 — Rice 
Crops, 171— Cereals, 221— Live Stock, 252— Mining, 
275— Manufactures, 331— Banks, 462— Finances, 501— 
Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25— Cotton, 87— Cereals, 112— Live 
Stock, 135— Fisheries, 158— Mining, 175— Manufac- 
tures, 253— Wealth, 392, 619— Banking, 429— Finances, 
483— Levee System, 557— Water Power, 561. 
[91 



10 Arkansas 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, XII) 

Pike, VII, 15, 29— Read, XII, 337— Stuart, XII, 429. 

Editors and Newspapers (VII, XII) 

First Newspaper, VII, 423, 426, 470— Pike as Editor, 
VII, 479; XII, 283. 

Educators (XI, XII) 

Buchanan, XI, 136— Murphy, XII, 224. 

Other Noted Men (VII, XI, XII) 

Izard, XII, 539— Lyon, XII, 124— Pike, VII, 346— 
Garland, VII, 346; XI, 382— Rector, VII, 346. 

Social Life (X) 

Original Territory, 107 — Explorers, 117 — Spanish In- 
fluence, 126 — German Settlers, 139 — Indians, 158 — 
Rise of Colleges, 205 — University of Arkansas, 246 — 
Colleges and Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 305 — 
Child Labor, 585. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

Who was the first white man to reach the land of Arkansas? 

(Ill, 263) 
When was the first settlement made? (Ill, 266) 
What was the character of the original Indians? (Ill, 267-9) 
What were the first French settlements? (Ill, 270-1) 
In what famous land purchase was Arkansas included? 

(Ill, 273) 
Who were early American explorers from other States? 

(Ill, 273-4) 
When was Arkansas made a separate Territory? (Ill, 275) 
Who was the first Territorial governor? (Ill, 282) 
What was the manner of living one hundred years ago? 

(Ill, 286-90) 
When were the first post-offices established? (Ill, 291) 
When was duelling made illegal? (Ill, 292) 
When was Arkansas admitted into the Union? (Ill, 295) 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 11 

What was the result of founding a State Bank? (Ill, 298) 

What battle was fought on Arkansas soil in 1862? (Ill, 310) 

When was Little Rock captured by Federal troops? (Ill, 
314) 

What were some of the chief events of the reconstruction 
period? (Ill, 319-30) 

What noted soldier wrote the marching words for "Dixie"? 
(VII, 15) 

What author may be claimed by both Louisiana and Ar- 
kansas? (XII, 429) 

When was the first newspaper established? (VII, 423) 

What was the nature of the early land laws? (V, 54) 

What are the leading crops? (VI, 87, 112) 

What are the chief manufactures? (VI, 253) 



FLORIDA 

GENERAL HISTORY 

The First Three Hundred Years (III, 1-20) 

Discovery and Exploration — Attempt at French Settle- 
ment — Government of Colony by Spain — Relations 
with Carolina and Georgia — An English Province — 
Reversion to Spain. 

From 1819 to 1881 (III, 21-45) 

Purchase by the United States — Territorial Govern- 
ment — Florida a State — War With Indians — Progress 
Prior to 1861. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (III, 48-79) 

Attitude Toward Secession — Share in Civil War — Re- 
construction — New Constitution — Growth and Pro- 
gress — Economic and Educational Conditions. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 



(IV) 

Florida's Relations With South Carolina, 15 — With 
Georgia, 148 — With Alabama, 150 — The Florida Pur- 
chase, 285 — Acquisition of Florida, 304. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Early Land Laws, 60, 62 — Negro Population, 111 — Rice 
Crops, 171— Cotton, 198— Cereals, 221— Oranges, 240— 
Live Stock, 252 — Manufactures, 331 — Banking, 462 — 

Finances, 504— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25— Cereals, 112— Live Stock, 135— 
Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 175 — Manufactures, 253 — For- 
eign Trade, 353— Wealth, 392, 619, Banking, 429— Fi- 
nances, 487 — Land Reclamation, 554 — Water Power, 
561. 

[121 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 13 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Writers and Educators (VII, XI, XII) 

Brinton, VII, 101— First Newspaper, VII, 419, 426— 
Blair, VII, 228— Chapman, VII, 251. 

Other ^Professions (VII, XI, XII) 

Mallory, VII, 346— Morton, VII, 346— Yulee, VII, 346. 

Noted Generals (XI, XII) 

French, XI, 368— E. K. Smith, XII, 399. 

Social Life (X) 

Spanish Influence, 46 — English Purchase, 108 — Original 
Territory, 107 — French Expeditions, 118 — Spanish Set- 
tlement, 126 — Early Cessions, 132 — Germans, 139 — In- 
dians, 158 — Rise of Colleges, 205 — -University of Florida, 
246 — Colleges and Universities, 255 — Child Labor, 585. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

What were the circumstances of Ponce de Leon's exploration 

of Florida? (Ill, 2-4) 
From what did the State derive its name? (Ill, 3) 
What other Spanish adventurers explored Florida? (Ill, 

5-6) 
Who discovered the Mississippi River? (Ill, 7) 
What English captain held St. Augustine for a time? (Ill, 

11) 
On what plan did Spain rule her colonies? (Ill, 12-13) 
What attitude did Florida take toward the American Revo- 
lution? (Ill, 16) 
How did the War of 1812 affect Florida? (Ill, 19) 
When was Florida ceded to the United States? (Ill, 21) 
What was the purchase price? (Ill, 21) 
How did the trouble with the Seminoles arise? (Ill, 25) 
What was the history of this war? (Ill, 33-45) 
When was Florida admitted into the Union? (Ill, 37) 
Who was the first governor? (Ill, 37) 



14 Florida 

What was Florida's share in the Civil War? (Ill, 49-63) 

What was the Freedman's Bureau? (Ill, 64) 

In what year was Florida's orange crop ruined by cold 

weather? (Ill, 71) 
What was the extent and loss of the Jacksonville fire? 

(Ill, 73) 
What is the unique character of the East Coast Railroad? 

(Ill, 75) 
What are the State's chief ports? (Ill, 77) 
What was the fate of the Seminoles? (IV, 438) 
Is the orange tree indigenous to the soil? (V, 240) 
What has the State done toward land reclamation? (VI,|554) 
When was the first newspaper established? (VII, 419) 
What are the leading products and industries today? (VI) 



GEORGIA 

GENERAL HISTORY 

The Colony of Georgia (II, 122-145) 

Georgia a Part of Carolina — A Separate Proprietary— 
Oglethorpe's Settlement — Other Settlements — Trouble 
with Spanish — John Wesley's Visit — Internal Affairs — 
A Royal Province — Steps to Independence. 

Georgia in the Federal Union (II, 146-170) 

The Province at the Outbreak of the Revolution — 
First Constitution — Share in the Revolution — Condi- 
tions at Close of War — Share in Forming the Federal 
Government — The Question of State Sovereignty — • 
Yazoo Land Sale — Growth of State — Share in the 
War of 1812 — State Politics — Indian Affairs — Coming 
of Railroads — The Slavery Question— Secession. 

Georgia in the Confederacy (II, 171-217) 

Beginning of Hostilities — Mustering of Troops — Civil 
Officers — War Conditions — ■ State Campaigns — Sher- 
man's March — Georgia at the Close of War. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (II, 218-242) 
Provisional Government — State Government Not Rec- 
ognized — Military Rule — Second Convention — Reor- 
ganization of State Government — Readmission Into 
Union — New Constitution- — Progress in Education — 
Political Affairs — Growth and Progress. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

Georgia in the Colonies, 17 — First Constitution, 72 — Re- 
lations With North Carolina, 145 — With Tennessee, 
147— With Florida, 148— Early Conventions, 175— In- 
dian Problem, 434. 

[15] 



16 Georgia 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Original Land System, 48, 51 — Labor Conditions, 99 — 
Negro Population, 111— Rice Crops, 171— Sugar Cane ; 
187 — Cotton, 198 — Cereals, 221 —Fruit, 241— Live 
Stock, 252— Mining, 275 — Manufactures, 331 — Bank- 
ing, 462— Finances, 508— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Cotton, 87 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 175 — Manufac- 
tures, 253 — Foreign Trade, 363 — Wealth, 392, 619 — 
Banking, 429 — Finances, 487 — Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, VIII, XI, XII) 

Poets: Wilde, VII, 13— Hayne, VII, 22, 23, 31; XI, 464— 
Ticknor, VII, 29— Stanton, XII, 417— Lanier, VII, 42, 
291; XII, 53— Loveman, VII, 52— Chivers, XI, 195. 
Humorists: Harris, VII, 66, 71, 86, 289; VIII, xlix, 232; 
XI, 451— Longstreet, VII, 72, 73; VIII, xl, 167; XII, 
111— Thompson, VII, 72, 75; VIII, xliii, 180; XII, 456— 
Johnston, VII, 72, 86; XII, 14— Smith, VII, 72, 85; XII, 
399. 

Historians: Stevens, VII, 101 — -Jones, VII, 101 — Ste- 
phens, VII, 107— Watson, XII, 529. 
Writers of Fiction: Edwards, XI, 313— Harben, XI, 440. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 418, 426, 470— The Atlanta Con- 
stitution and its Editors, VII, 429— Grady, VII, 429; 
XI— Howell, VII, 429; XI, 521— Field and Fireside, VII, 
447— Scott's Monthly, VII, 458— Uncle Parous Maga- 
zine, VII, 468— Fell, VII, 475— Pendleton, XII, 262— 
Tucker, XII, 477— Other Famous Editors, VII, 478, 479. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Price, VII, 124— Waddel, VII, 157, 160— Seidell, VII, 
230— LeConte, VII, 233, 265— Baldwin, VII, 299. 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 17 

Other Professions (VII, XI, XII) 

Lawyers: Stephens, VII, 232, 346; XII, 419— Toombs, 
VII, 346; XII, 463— Cobb, VII, 346; XI, 218— Craw- 
ford, VII, 349. 

Physicians: Hall, VII, 358 — Jones, VII, 358 — Brownson, 
VII, 358— Daniel, VII, 363— Eve, VII, 364— Battey, 
VII, 365— Grandy, VII, 365— Long, VII, 366— Dough- 
ty, XI, 290— Dugas, XI, 301. 

Clergymen: Dagg, VII, 515 — Pierce, VII, 518 — Andrew, 
XI, 18— Beckwith, XI, 63— Candler, XI, 174— Craw- 
ford, XI, 235— Gartland, XI, 389— Mell, XII, 184— 
Nelson, XII, 226. 
Sculptor: Kemeys, XII, 31; X, 686. 

Soldiers and Statesmen (IX, XI, XII) 

Brown, XI, 128— Cobb, IX, 49; XI, 218— Forsyth, XI, 
360— Fremont, XI, 365 — Gordon, XI, 411 — Gwinnett, 
XI, 430— Grandy, IX, 374; XI, 418— Graves, IX, 435 
—Hall, XI, 432— Hill, IX, 60, 354; XI, 494— Johnson, 

XI, 574— Lamar, XII, 48— Jones, IX, 500— Longstreet, 

XII, 112— Oglethorpe, XII, 239— Stephens, IX, 57, 
402; XII, 419— Toombs, IX, 58, 312; XII, 463— Mc- 
Duffie, IX, 287— Smith, IX, 486— Watson, IX, 454; 
XII, 529— Walton, XII, 510— Troup, XII, 475— Young, 
XII, 583. 

Social Life (X) 

Early Industrial Development, 23 — Mountain Life, 41 — 
Founding of Savannah, 101 — Early Settlers, 104 — Ex- 
tension of Territory, 106 — Noted Men, 115 — Spanish 
Expeditions, 128— Founding of Colony by Oglethorpe, 
131 — Germans, 139 — Jews, 153 — Indians, 158 — Early 
Interest in Education, 189 — Rise of Colleges, 202 — Uni- 
versity of Georgia, 220, 243— Baptist and Methodist In- 
fluence, 226 — Colleges and Universities, 255 — Medical 
Colleges, 305 — Technical Education, 355 — Roman 
Catholic Influence, 537 — Child Labor, 585— Settlement 
Work, 616. ' 



18 Georgia 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

Who was the founder of Georgia? (II, 124) 

When did the first shipload of colonists come over? (II, 124) 

What were the first settlements? (II, 126-7) 

What great English Evangelist visited Georgia? (II, 131) 

When was Georgia constituted a royal province? (II, 135) 

For whom was it named? (II, 139) 

What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris? (II, 139) 

How was the Stamp Act received? (II, 140-1) 

How large was the colony at the outbreak of the Revolution? 

(II, 146) 
In what year did hostilities break out here? (II, 148) 
What were the principal engagements? (II, 148-9) 
What was the Yazoo land sale? (II, 153-5) 
When was the cotton gin invented? (II, 155) 
What was Georgia's share in the War of 1812? (II, 157-8) 
When were the last of the Indians removed? (II, 164) 
When were the first railroads built? (II, 166) 
What was the State's share in Civil War? (II, 178) 
What were the chief battles in the State? (II, 185-99) 
What was the history of Sherman's campaign? (II, 203-15) 
What was the Ku Klux Klan? (II, 222) 
W T hen was Georgia readmitted into the Union? (II, 225) 
In what year was the Cotton States Exposition held? (11,235) 
What are the chief products of the State? (II, 241-2) 
Who was the author of "Georgia Scenes"? (VII, 72) 
What great poets may Georgia claim? (VII) 
What famous humorists has the State produced? (VII) 
What noted physicians were Georgians? Lawyers? Clergy- 
men? Orators? Statesmen? Soldiers? 
What are the leading crops? (VI) 
What famous poet went to live in a cabin, in order to follow 

his art? (XI, 464) 
What noted sculptor came from Georgia? (X, 686) 



KENTUCKY 

GENERAL HISTORY 

Kentucky a Part of Virginia (I, 236-258) 

Exploration of Kentucky — Settlement — A County in 
Virginia — Share in the Revolutionary War — Steps to 
Statehood. 

From 1792 to 1865 (I, 259-303) 

Constitutional History — The Four Constitutions — Reso- 
lutions of 1798 — School System — Conflicts With In- 
dians — Early Military History — Share in War of 1812 — 
Share in Mexican War — Division of Sentiment Regard- 
ing Secession — Contributions to Both Armies — At- 
tempted Secession — Provisional Government — Condi- 
tions During War — Return of Peace — Mountain Feuds. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (I, 304-332) 
Conditions at Close of War — Scarcity of Population — 
Constitutional History — Negro Problem — Mountain 
Life — Moral and Religious Growth — Modern Progress — 
The Goebel Case — Agricultural and Mineral Products — 
Educational Awakening. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

The Kentucky Resolutions, 476. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Negro Population, 111 — Tobacco Crops, 165 — Corn, 
216 — Other Cereals, 221 — Hemp, 232— Horses, 242— 
Cattle, 246— Other Stock, 252— Mining, 275— Manufac- 
tures, 331— Banking, 462— Finances, 511— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Tobacco, 67 — Cereals, 112 — Horses, 
137 — Other Live Stock, 135— Fisheries, 158— Mining, 

[19] 



20 Kentucky 

175— Manufactures, 253— Wealth, 392— Banking, 429 
— Finances, 493 — Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, VIII, XI, XII) 

O'Hara, VII, 19, 29; XII, 240 — Cawein, VII, 52; XI, 
185 — Knott, VII, 72 — Hatcher, VII, 72 — Allen, VII, 
292; XI, 9; VIII, 330— Fox, XI, 364 — Rice, XII, 343, 
344— Webber, XII, 535. 

Editors and Newspapers. (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 421, 426, 470— Kendall, VII, 
475— Penn, VII, 475— Prentice, VII, 72, 82, 476, 479— 
Watterson,VII, 71, 482; XII, 531 — Barrick, XI, 47 — 
Harney, XI, 445. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Kastle, VII, 229— Buchanan, VII, 263— Shaler, VII, 
266; XII, 385— Smith, XII, 407. 

•Other Professions (VII, XI, XII) 
Lawyers: (See Statesmen, below) 

Physicians: Dudley, VII, 360, 364; XI, 298— McDowell, 
VII, 362— McCreary, VII, 363— Drake, VII, 364— Mil- 
ler, VII, 365— Brashear, VII, 367. 
Clergymen: Spalding, VII, 524; XII — Breckenridge, XI, 
117— Flaget. XI, 347— Kavanaugh, XII, 28— Lavialle, 
XII, 61. 
Painters and Sculptors: Jouett, X, 680; XII, 27 — Hart, 

X, 680; XI, 459— Yandell, X, 686; XII, 580. 

Soldiers and Statesmen (IX, XI, XII) 

Boone, XI, 100— Walker, XII, 505— Butler, XI, 147— 
Crittenden, XI, 237— Blackburn, XI, 83— Breckenridge, 

XI, 118; IX, 64, 396— Buckner, XI, 137— Breckenridge, 
IX, 418— Carlisle, XI, 177— C. M. Clay, XI, 205— Hen- 
ry Clay, XI, 208; IX, 38, 193— Lincoln, XII, 97— Other 
Orators, IX, 164, 441, 472. 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 21 

Social Life (X) 

Early Settlers, 105 — A Continuation of Virginia, 106 — 
Noted Men, 115— Indians, 158— Rise of Colleges, 204— 
State University, 224, 246— Scotch-Irish Influence, 241 
—Roman Catholic Influence, 250, 537 — Colleges and 
Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 305 — Theological 
Seminaries, 312 — Child Labor, 585 — Settlement Work, 
616. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

What two explorers discovered Kentucky about the same 

time? (I, 237) 
Who built the first house in this region? (I, 238) 
What kind of a man was Daniel Boone? (I, 242-4) 
How did the early pioneers live? (I, 244) 
What was the Transylvania Company? (I, 245-6) 
To what State did Kentucky originally belong? (I, 247) 
Who led the Kentuckians against the Indians and English 

in the War of the Revolution? (I, 249-53) 
Who was Simon Girty? (I, 253) 

Why was the Statehood of Kentucky hastened? (I, 254-7) 
How long did the troubles with the Indians continue? (I, 

263) 
What were the Kentucky Resolutions? (I, 270; IV, 476) 
What were the incidents of the battle of Tippecanoe? (I, 

280) 
What was Kentucky's resolution in regard to the Civil War? 

(I, 287-92) 
What was the first battle on Kentucky soil? (I, 293) 
How many miles of railway were in the State during the 

War? (I, 301) 
Who were the Regulators? (I, 312) 
Why have feuds existed and been hard to stamp out? 

(I, 319-22) 
What were the causes back of the Goebel assassination? 

(I, 322-5) 



22 Kentucky 

What are the State's leading resources? (I, 325) 

For what principle did Henry Clay stand? (IV, 330) 

What famous orators were Kentuckians? (IX) 

What well-known poem did O'Hara write, and when? 

(VII, 19) 
What noted editors has the State produced? Physicians? 

Clergymen? Artists? (VII) 
What two Kentucky novelists stand pre-eminent? (VII, 

292; XI, 364) 
What are the State's chief industries? (VI) 
What noted sculptors have come from Kentucky? (X, 686) 



LOUISIANA 

GENERAL HISTORY 

Louisiana Under the French and Spanish (III, 80-99) 
Spanish Exploration— French Exploration— First Settle- 
ments—French Control— Louisiana Under Spain— Re- 
version to France. 

The Territory of Orleans (III, 100-112) 

The Louisiana Purchase— Organization of Territorial 
Government— Opposition— Governor Claiborne's Ad- 
ministration—Social and Economic Conditions— Steps 
to Statehood— First Constitution— Annexation of Part 
of West Florida. 

Froia Statehood to the Confederacy (III, 113-133) 

Louisiana a State in the Union— First Steamboats 
and Their Affect upon Trade— Population at this 
Time— Plantation System— Cultivation of Sugar and 
Cotton— Slavery— Intimate Share in War of 1812— 
The Battle of New Orleans— Close Interest in Mexican 
war — Secession. 

Louisiana During the Civil War and Reconstruction Periods 
(III, 134-162) 
Events During the Civil War— Reconstruction During 
the War— Johnson's Plan of Reconstruction— Congres- 
sional Reconstruction— The White League— Riot of 
1874— Kellogg Usurpation. 

From 1876 to the Present Time (III, 163-181) 

Significance of the Year 1876— The Carpetbaggers- 
Constitution of 1879— Problem of White Supremacy- 
Factionalism— Constitution of 1898— The Louisiana 
State Lottery— Public Schools— Industrial Develop- 
ment—Louisiana's Two Literatures— Contribution to 
American Progress. 

[231 



24 Louisiana 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

The Louisiana Purchase, and What It Meant. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Early Land Laws, 54 — Negro Population, 111 — Rice 
Crops, 171— Sugar Cane, 184— Cotton, 198— Cereals, 
221 — Live Stock, 252 — Mining, 275 — Manufactures, 
331— Banking, 462— Finances, 516— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25— Rice, 75— Sugar Cane, 80— Cot- 
ton, 87— Cereals, 112— Live Stock, 135— Fisheries, 158 
—Mining, 175— Manufactures, 253— Foreign Trade, 353 
— Wealth, 392, 619— Banking, 429— Finances, 496— 
Levee System, 556 — Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, VIII, XI, XII) 

Bruns, VII, 29— Thorpe, VII, 72, 80— Gayarre, VII, 
102— Cable, VII, 289; VIII, xlix, 259; XI, 153— Stuart, 
XII, 429 — Fortier, XI, 363 — Matthews, XII, 173 — 
Wilde, XII, 556— Two Literatures, III, 180— Influence, 
VII, 317. 

Music and Musicians (VII, XI, XII) 

Gottschalk, XI, 416— Influence Upon American Music, 
VII, 386. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 420, 426, 470— Leading Editors, 
VII, 428 — DeBow's Review, VII, 432, 455 — DeBow, 
VII, 432; XI, 272— Southern Quarterly Review, VII, 
452— Thorpe, VII, 476— Other Editors, VII, 481; XI, 36, 
80, 174, 198, 234, 330. 

Educators and Scientists • (VII, XI, XII) 

Jesse, VII, 157— Miller, VII, 157— Audubon, VII, 248, 
286; XI, 28— McDonough, XII, 134— Boyd, XI, 109— 



Suggestive Reading and Study Co-arses 25 

Craighead, XI, 234— Smith, XII, 407— Fortier, XI, 363. 

Other Professions (VII, XI, XII) 

Lawyers: Livingston, VII, 329; XII, 105 — Howe, VII, 
335— Slidell, VII, 346— Benjamin, VII, 346; XI, 68— 
Campbell, VII, 346. 

Physicians: Chaille, VII, 366; XI, 186 — Jones, VII, 
366— Matas, VII, 366— Souchon, VII, 366— Bemiss, XI, 
68— Dowler, XI, 291— Holcombe, XI, 503. 
Clergymen: Palmer, VII, 521. Sculptors: Smith, X, 
686— Peretti, X, 686. 

Famous Generals (XI, XII) 

Allen, XI, 8— Beauregard, XI, 62— Hood, XI, 507— 
Polk, XII, 302— Taylor, XII, 439. 

Social Life (X) 

French and Spanish Influence, 44 — Prestige of New Or- 
leans in the South, 61 — Original Territory, 107 — Cre- 
oles, 121 — Early Cessions, 132 — Spanish Control, 136 — 
American Control, 137 — Germans, 139 — Indians, 158 — 
Rise of Colleges, 205 — State University, 220, 246 — 
Methodist Influence, 226 — Roman Catholic Influence, 
250, 537 — Colleges and Universities, 255 — Medical Col- 
leges, 305 — Child Labor, 585. 

REVIEW QU EST IONS 

Who discovered the mouth of the Mississippi River? (Ill, 

81) 
What was the first settlement upon Louisiana soil? (Ill, 81) 
What was the result of the war between England and 

France? (Ill, 81) 
What Spanish explorers also traversed this country? (Ill, 

83) 
Who was the first royal proprietor? (Ill, 88) 
What was the John Law Company? (Ill, 89) 
How did the Treaty of Paris, 1763, affect Louisiana? (Ill, 

91) 



26 Louisiana 



What was the history of the Spanish occupation? (Ill, 

91-97) 
Why was Napoleon willing to sell Louisiana? (Ill, 98-9) 
What was the Territory of Orleans? (Ill, 101) 
Who was the first territorial governor? (Ill, 105) 
When was the first constitution adopted? (Ill, 110) 
When did the first steamboat appear on the Mississippi? 

(Ill, 114) 
What was the plantation system? (Ill, 116-8) 
What were the two most important crops? (Ill, 119) 
How did the War of 1812 affect Louisiana? (Ill, 126-131) 
What was the State's share in the Mexican War? (Ill, 131) 
Was the State strongly for secession? (Ill, 132-4) 
What were the chief events of the Civil War in this State? 

(Ill, 135-40) 
What was the Kellogg Usurpation? (Ill, 156-161) 
In what year may modern Louisiana be said to have been 

born? (Ill, 163) 
What great moral evil long afflicted the State? (Ill, 172-5) 
What are the chief industries today? (Ill, 177-80) 
What literature and language has flourished side by side 

with the English? (Ill, 180) 
What great men has the State produced? (Ill, 181) 
What famous composer came from this State? (VII, 386) 
What famous naturalist? (VII, ,248) 
What philanthropist aided public education? (XII, 134) 
What noted writers are Louisianians? (VII) 
Name five generals from Louisiana. (XI, XII) 
What was the State's early influence upon music? (VIII, 

386) 
What are the three leading crops today? (VI) 



MARYLAND 

GENERAL H I STORY 

The Province of Maryland (I, 149-177) 

General Description — Lord Baltimore's Grant — Re- 
ligious Toleration — Founding of Colony — How Gov- 
erned — Internal Growth— Intercolonial Relations — An- 
napolis and the Church Establishment — The Proprie- 
tors — Premonitions of Revolution. 

From the Revolution to the Civil War (I, 178-209) 

Maryland an Independent State — Share in the New 
National Government — Share in the Revolutionary 
War — Conditions at its Close — Rumsey — Share in the 
United States Constitution — A Center of Hostilities in 
the War of 1812— Industrial Growth Prior to Civil 
War — Slavery — Politics — State Convention of 1837 — 
Peabody — John Brown's Raid — Secession Talk — Share 
in Civil War — Constitution of 1864. 

Maryland from 1865 to the Present Day (I, 210-235) 
Political Conditions At Close of War — Constitution of 
1867 — Noteworthy Events Since That Time — Indus- 
trial Growth — Educational Progress — Religious Life. 

POLITICS AND ECONOM ICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

Maryland the First Step in the Dismemberment of 
Virginia, 5 — Declaration of Independence, 72 — Contro- 
versy With Virginia, 108, 136 — Annapolis Convention, 
110. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Original Land System, 47 — Labor Conditions, 87, 94 — 
Negro Population, 111 — Tobacco Crops, 165 — Cereals, 
221— Grapes, 240— Live Stock, 252— Oysters, 273— 

127] 



28 Maryland 

Mining, 275— Manufactures, 331— Banking, 462— Fi- 
nances, 518— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since the Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25— Tobacco, 67— Cereals, 112— Live 
Stock, 135— Fisheries, 158— Mining, 175— Manufac- 
tures, 253— Foreign Trade, 353— Wealth, 392, 619— 
Banking, 429 — Finances, 498 — Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VI, VIII, XI, XII) 

Poets: Early Writers, VII, 4, 5— Shaw, VII, 11— Pinck- 
ney, VII, 11, 14— Key, VII, 19; XII, 39— Randall, VII, 
19, 30; XII, 324— Preston, VII, 21, 27; XII, 313— 
Tabb, VII, 51; XII, 431— Smith, VII, 291; XII, 401. 
Prose Writers: Kennedy, VIII, xxxiv, 102; XII, 33— 
Lee, XII, 74. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 410, 426, 470 — The Maryland 
Gazette, The First Southern Newspaper, VII, 410 — 
Other Early Papers, VII, 411, 412 — Manufacturer's 
Record, VII, 435— Southern Society, VII, 461 — New 
Eclectic Magazine, VII, 461— Edmonds, XI, 312. 



and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 
Garnett, VII, 121— Gildersleeve, VII, 140, 287— Sylves- 
ter, VII, 215— Gilman, VII, 215— Johns Hopkins, XI, 
512. 

Other Professions (VII, X, XI, XII) 
Lawyers: (See under Statesmen below.) 
Physicians: Archer, XI, 19 — Gibson, XI, 401 — Ham- 
mond, XI, 438. 

Painters and Sculptors: Peale, XII, 255 — Keyser, XII, 
39— Rinehart, XII, 348; X, 680-686— Jones, X, 680- 
Key, X, 680— Mayer, X, 680— Miller, X, 680— Smith, 
X, 680— Thompson, X, 680. 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 29 

Clergymen: Gibbons, VII, 550; XI, 398— Carroll, XI, 
182— Emory, XI, 322. 

Noted Public Men 

Admiral Schley, XII, 371 — Famous Orators, IX, 
25— Pinkney, IX, 226 — Wirt, IX, 386 — Carroll, XI, 
180— Chase, XI, 189— Gorman, XI, 415— Johnson, XII, 
1— Paca, XII, 246— Taney, XII, 432— Harlan, XI, 444. 
Social Life (Vol. X) 

Colonial Life, 99 — Roman Catholic Influence, 46, 318, 
537 — Germans, 139 — Indians, 158 — Early Interest in 
Education, 186 — Rise of Colleges, 199 — Johns Hopkins 
University, 253— College and Universities, 255 — Medi- 
cal Colleges, 305 - — Theological Seminaries, 312 — Child 
Labor, 585. 

REVIEW QU EST 10 NS 

For whom was the province of Maryland named? (I, 150) 
Who first explored Chesapeake Bay? (I, 151) 
When was the first organized settlement made? (I, 155) 
Who fomented trouble between Maryland and Virginia, and 

why? (I, 152-6) 
What other nations attempted to make settlements on 

Maryland soil? (I, 162) 
What relations did the colony bear to William Penn's? (I, 

164-5) 
What was the first important town? (I, 167) 
When was the first printing press set up? (I, 171) 
When was the first General Congress convened? (I, 174) 
In what way was the colonial government of Maryland 

peculiar? (I, 178) 
What difficulties arose in the way of land grants? (I, 182-4) 
Who invented a steamboat for Maryland waters? (I, 188) 
What part did Maryland play in the War of 1812? (I, 190-4) 
Under what circumstances was "The Star Spangled Banner" 

written? (I, 194) 
What was the true purpose behind the raid of John Brown? 

(I, 202) 



30 Maryland 

What was the Baltimore riot? (I, 203) 

What attitude did the U. S. Government take toward the 

State (I, 204-5) 
Did Maryland suffer as much as other States during the 

War? (I, 211) 
In what year was the disastrous fire in Baltimore? (I, 225) 
What were the Johns Hopkins benefactions? (I, 230-1) 
What was the nature of the Annapolis Convention? (IV, 

110) 
How was the land originally granted? (V, 47) 
When was the first tobacco grown? (V, 165) 
What important natural product has added largely to the 

wealth of the State? (V, 273, VI, 158) 
What three writers of patriotic songs came from Maryland? 

(VII) 
What was the first Southern newspaper, and where and 

when established? (VII, 410) 
What admiral came from Maryland? (XII, 371) 
What dignitary of the Catholic Church, and how long has 

he served? (XI, 398) 



MISSISSIPPI 

GENERAL HISTORY 

Mississippi the Colony and Territory (II, 332-369) 

The Primitive Country — Indian Inhabitants — First Ex- 
plorers and Settlers — The French Occupation — French 
Cession of Territory — British West Florida — Spanish 
West Florida — The Boundary Question — Organization 
of the Territory — Sargent's Government — Claiborne — 
Effect of Louisiana Purchase — Burr's Schemes — Share 
in War of 1812 — Industrial Conditions — Manners and 
Customs — Steps to Statehood. 

From Statehood to the Confederacy (II, 370-405) 

Organization of State — First Years of Statehood — First 
Governors— Constitution of 1832 — War With Mexico — 
Growth and Progress — Manners and Customs — Educa- 
tion — Political Questions and Leaders — The War Cloud. 

Mississippi In the Civil War (II, 406-424) 

Secession — Jefferson Davis Chosen President of the 
Confederacy — Beginning of Hostilities in State — Cam- 
paigns Against Vicksburg — Other Operations — Missis- 
sippi Troops in Other States — Government During War. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (II, 425-461) 
Reorganization — Military Government — Reconstruc- 
tion Period — Triumph of Home Rule — Constitutional 
Convention of 1890 — Industries and Resources — Edu- 
cational Conditions — Politics. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

Mississippi's Relations With Tennessee, 147 — With 
Arkansas, 153 — With Louisiana, 154. 

[31] 



32 Mississippi 



Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Early Land Laws, 59, 62 — Negro Population, 1 1 1 — Rice 
Crops, 171 — Cereals, 221 — Live Stock, 275 — Banking, 
462— Manufactures, 331— Finances, 523— Wealth, 630. 

Economic Eistory Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Cotton, 87 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 175 — Manufac- 
tures, 253 — Wealth, 392, 619 — Banking, 429 — Finances, 
501 — Levee System, 555 — Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Writers and Publications (VII, XI, XII) 

Russell, VII, 39— Ingraham, XI, 534— Barksdale, VII, 
475, 481— First Newspapers, VII, 419, 426, 470. 

Otlier Professions (VII, XI, XII) 

Educators: Baskerville, VII, 228— Hand, VII, 229— Har- 
rington, VII, 229. 
Clergymen: Adams, XI, 3— Thompson, XII, 451. 

Soldiers" and Statesmen (IX, XI, XII) 

Claiborne, XI, 197— Lee, XII, 85— Davis, IX, 54, 412; 
XI, 260— Prentiss, IX, 390; XII, 311— Vardaman, XII, 
496— Williams, XII, 559— Mullins, IX, 492. 

Social Life (X) 

Original Territory, 107— Noted Men, 115— Spanish Ex- 
plorers, 128 — Spanish Control, 136— Germans, 139 — In- 
dians, 158 — Rise of Colleges, 205 — University of Missis- 
sippi, 221— Colleges and Universities, 255— Medical Col- 
leges, 305— Technical Education, 355— Roman Catholic 
Influence, 537— Child Labor, 585. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

Who was the first white man to traverse Mississippi? (II, 

|, ; , oo7; 

What were the first settlements? (II, 341-2) 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 33 

What was the Natchez War? (II, 344-5) 

How did the Revolutionary War affect this colony? (II, 

351) 
Why did Western Florida revert to Spain? (II, 352-3) 
When did the Spanish finally evacuate Mississippi? (II, 

358) 
How did the Louisiana Purchase affect Mississippi? (II, 

363) 
What was Mississippi's share in the War of 1812? (II, 

365-6) 
In what year was the state organized? (II, 369) 
What was Mississippi's experience with a State Bank? 

(II, 380) 
What was the Treaty of Pontotoc? (II, 387) 
What were the chief towns prior to 1860? (II, 389) 
What were the conditions of plantation life? (II, 395-6) 
How came "The Bonnie Blue Flag" to be written? (II, 

409) 
What were the first blows struck by Mississippi in the Civil 

War? (II, 412-3) 
What vessel single-handed attacked Farragut's whole squad- 
ron at Vicksburg? (II, 414) 
What governor was forcibly removed from office by U. S. 

troops? (II, 432) 
What was the effect of the reconstruction act? (II, 434-42) 
What is the State's condition and wealth today? (II, 455-6, 

VI) 
What are its leading products? (VI) 

Give an outline of the career of Jefferson Davis (XI, 260) 
When were the first newspapers established? (VII, 419) 
What has been the progress of higher education? (X, 205, 

221, 255, 305, 355) 



MISSOURI 

GENERAL HISTORY 

as an Outlying Province (III, 183-196) 
Early Explorations — French and Spanish Occupation — 
American Settlers — First Towns- — Influx of Americans — 
Frontier Conditions — Acquisition by the United States. 

Missouri the Territory (III, 197-214) 

A Portion of the Louisiana Territory — -Made a Separate 
Territory — Early Political Conditions — Growth — In- 
dian Problem — River Traffic — Steps to Statehood. 

The State from 1820 to 1865 (III, 215-239) 

The Missouri Compromise- — Admission Into the Union — 
Thomas H. Benton — Approach of War — Attitude To- 
ward War — Contribution to Both Armies — Conditions 
During W T ar— Government. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (III, 240-262) 
Conditions at the Close of War — Industrial Progress and 
Increase of Population Since the War — Rise of Great 
Cities — St. Louis — Other Cities — Mining — Agricul- 
ture — Education — Intellectual Life — Political Condi- 
tions. 

POLITICS, AND ECONOMICS 

Economic History^ Prior to A Civil War (V) 

Early Land Laws, 58 — Negro Population, 111 — Cereals, 
221 —[Hemp, 232 — Horses, 242 — Other Live Stock, 
252— Mining, 275— Manufactures, 331— Banking, 469— 
Finances,^ 526.^ 

Economic History Since the Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Cotton, 87 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135— Fisheries, 158— Mining, 175— Manufac- 

[34] 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 35 

tures, 253— Wealth, 392, 619— Banking, 429— Finances, 
504— Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, XI, XII) 

Houck, VII, 103 — Benton, VII, 106 — Clemens (Mark 
Twain), VII, 289; XI, 215 — Churchill, XI, 196 — Rus- 
sell, XII, 365— Green, XI, 423. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Chauvenet, VII, 218— Hedrick, VII, 219— Seares, VII, 
219— Shaw, VII, 236— Houston, XI, 515— Catling, XI, 
391. 

Pioneers, Soldiers, and Statesmen (XI, XII) 

Carson, XI, 184— Lewis, XII, 95— Atkinson, XI, 27 — 
Cleburne, XI, 213— Benton, XI, 72— Blair, XI, 85— 
Clark, XI, 201— Folk, XI, 353. 

Social Life (X) 

Original Territory, 107 — Indians, 158 — University of 
Missouri, 246 — Etonian Catholic Influence, 250, 537 — 
Colleges and Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 305 — 
Theological Seminaries, 312 — Child Labor, 585. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

When and why was Missouri first explored? (Ill, 183-4) 

What were the first two settlements? (Ill, 185) 

When did Americans come into Missouri from neighboring 

States? (Ill, 192) 
When were the Missouri settlements ceded to the United 

States? (Ill, 194) 
What language then prevailed here? (Ill, 194) 
When was the territory of Missouri created? (Ill, 200) 
When did the city of St. Louis first begin to assume im- 
portance? (Ill, 206) 
When was the first newspaper established? (Ill, 207) 



36 Missouri 



What were the circumstances leading up to the admission of 

Missouri into the Union? (Ill, 215-223) 
Why did the Missouri Compromise arouse a national storm? 

(Ill, 220-3) 
Who was "the great Missourian"? (Ill, 226-31) 
What was Missouri's share in the Civil War? (Ill, 236-41) 
What exposition was held in St. Louis, and when? (Ill, 

247) 
Who was the founder of St. Joseph? (Ill, 249) 
What noted pioneers are connected with Missouri's history? 

(XI, 184; XII, 95) 
Give an outline of the career and famous books of America's 

greatest humorist. (VII, 289; XI, 215) 
What are Missouri's leading industries? (VI) 
How many colleges and universities are in the State? (X, 

255) 
When was the University of Missouri founded? (X, 246) 



NORTH CAROLINA 

GENERAL HISTORY 

North Carolina the Colony (I, 3, 413-440) 

Settlers from Virginia — First Settlements — The Lost 
Roanoke Colony — The Cape Fear Region — The Proprie- 
tary Government Established — Character of the Gov- 
ernors — Rebellions by Culpepper and Others — -Church 
of England Established — Separation of North Carolina 
and South Carolina — Trouble With Indians — Pirates — 
Boundary Dispute Between North Carolina and Vir- 
ginia — Proprietary Abolished. 

A Royal Province (I, 441-461) 

Made a Royal Province, in 1729 — Internal Conditions — 
Expansion — Religious Conditions — Land Grants — 
French and Indian Wars— William Tryon's Govern- 
ment — Trouble With the Regulators — End of Pro- 
vincial Period. 

From the Revolution to the Civil War (I, 462-482) 

Governor Martin — Steps to Statehood— An Independ- 
ent State— The Mecklenburg Declaration- — Apathy 
During the Revolutionary War — Attitude Toward 
Federal Constitution — Domestic Affairs — New Consti- 
tution — Slavery — Secession. 

North Carolina in the Confederacy (I, 483-496) 

Preparations for War — Support of Southern Cause — 
Progress of the War Year by Year, in North Carolina. 

From the Civil War to the Present Time (I, 497-514) 
Conditions After War — Reconstruction — Johnson's 
Plan — New Constitution — Legislature of 1868 — Ku 
Klux Klan — Home Rule Once More — Politics Since 
1876 — Governmental Activity— Educational and Eco- 
nomic Development. 

[371 



38 North Carolina 



POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

Colonial Relations, 11 — North Carolina and South 
Carolina, 14— Tennessee Boundary, 156 — Declaration of 
Independence, 70— Bill of Rights, 72— Relations With 
Georgia, 145 — Separation of Tennessee From North 
Carolina. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Original Land System, 48, 51 — Labor Conditions, 98 — 
Negro Population, 111 — Tobacco Crops, 165 — Rice, 
171 — Cotton, 198 — Corn, 216 — Other Cereals, 221— 
Live Stock, 252 — Mining, 275 — Manufactures, 331 — 
Banking, 462— Finances, 529— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Tobacco, 67 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 175 — Manufac- 
tures, 253 — Foreign Trade, 353 — Wealth, 392, 619 — 
Banking, 429 — Finances, 507 — Water Power, 561. 

I NTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, XI, XII) 

Boner, VII, 52; XI, 98— McNeill, VII, 52— Sledd, VII, 
52 — Ashe, VII, 100 — Battle, VII, 206 — Dixon, XI, 
285— Tourgee, XII, 466— Godfrey, VII, 3— Clark, XI, 
204— Fuller, XI, 370— Hill, XI, 498. 

Editors and Publications (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 415, 426, 470— Field and Fire- 
side, VII, 458— The Land We Love, VII, 458— Gales, 
VII, 474; XI, 378— Seaton, XII, 374— Page, XII, 249— 
Poe, XII, 293. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Alderman, XI, 4— Cobb, XI, 217— Mitchell, VII, 253; 
XII, 196— Smith, XII, 398— Others, VII, 150, 151, 152, 
169, 216, 230, 231, 245, 253, 264. 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 39 

Other Professions (VII, IX, XI, XII) 
Lawyers: (See Statesmen below.) 

Physicians: Brevart, VII, 358 — Alexander, VII, 358 — 
Williamson, VII, 358— Williams, VII, 358— DeRossett, 
VII, 363 — Geddings, VII, 366 — Barringer, XI, 48 — 
Foote, XI, 354. 
Clergymen: Polk, VII, 523— Atkinson, XI, 28. 

Soldiers and Statesmen (IX, XI, XII) 

Bragg, XI, 112— Clingman, XI, 216— Hill, XI, 495— 
Loring, XII, 114— Benton, IX, 44; XI, 72— Orators, IX, 
34 — Penn, XII, 271— Vance, XII, 493 — Macon, XII, 
130— Mangum, XII, 156. 

Social Life (X) 

Scarcity of Cities, 7 — Mountain Life, 40 — Colonial 
Settlements, 100 — Germans 139 — -Indians, 158 — First 
Library, 190 — Colleges, 192, 199 — University of North 
Carolina, 220, 242 — Presbyterian Influence, 223 — 
Baptist and Methodist Influence, 226 — Colleges and 
Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 305 — Theological 
Seminaries, 312 — -Technical Education, 355 — Roman 
Catholic Influence, 537 — Child Labor, 585 — Settlement 
Work, 616. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

Who were the first settlers of North Carolina? (I, 413-5) 

What was the first settlement? (I, 415) 

By what nation was New Bern founded? (I, 417) 

From whom did the Carolinas derive their name? (I, 420) 

What was the Culpepper Rebellion? (I, 427-9) 

What was the contention of the Quakers? (I, 430-2) 

Until what year did piracy flourish? (I, 436) 

When did North Carolina become a royal province? (I, 

441) 
Who was the first royal governor? (I, 442) 
When were the Indians finally subdued? (I, 449) 



40 North Carolina 



Whom did the Indians call "the Great Wolf"? (I, 451-2) 

What was the "Regulator" trouble? (I, 452-6) 

What early moves for freedom were taken by North Carolina? 

(I, 459, 468) 
What decisive battle fought in this State was a turning 

point in the Revolution? (I, 470) 
When was Raleigh founded? (I, 473) 
What was the State's attitude toward slavery and secession? 

(I, 479) 
What important battles of the Civil War were fought here? 

(I, 487-94) 
What was the history of the Ku Klux Klan? (I, 504-6) 
What is the State's present condition in education? (I, 

512-4? In agriculture? (1, 516-7) In manufacturing? 

(I, 514-6) (Also see VI) 
When were the first banks organized? (V, 462) 
What noted writers has North Carolina produced? Edu- 
cators? Physician's? (VII) 
What is the history of the University of North Carolina? 

(X, 220, 242) 
What has been done in the way of technical education? 

(X, 355) 
When was the first library established? (X, 190) The 

first Newspaper? (VII, 415) 



SOUTH CAROLINA 

GENERAL HISTORY 

From Colony to the Federal Union (II, 1-38) 

First Voyagers — French Settlement at Port Royal — 
Occupation by the English — -The Lords Proprietors — 
Trouble With Indians and Spaniards — -Relations with 
North Carolina — Charles Town — Inland Settlements — 
Religious Conditions— Industries and Labor Condi- 
tions — Slavery — From Colony to State— Share in the 
Revolution — Leading Men. 

From the Constitution to the Confederacy (II, 39-74) 
Part in Adopting the Federal Constitution — Distribu- 
tion of Population — Slavery — Manufactures — Internal 
Improvements - — Rise of Banking — Education — Poli- 
tics — Influence in National Affairs. 

South Carolina in the Confederacy (II, 75-91) 

The Secession Movement — Public Opinion — Share of 
State in Forming the Confederacy — Beginning of 
Actual Hostilities at Fort Sumter — Active Part in 
War — Conditions During War. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (II, 92-121) 

Reconstruction Period — New Social Conditions — 
Growth of Industries — Constitutional Conventions — 
Educational Advance. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

Virginia and the Carolinas, 11 — Relations With North 
Carolina, 14 — With Florida, 15 — ■ First Constitution, 
72 — Activities During Revolution, 76. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Original Land System, 48, 51 — Labor Conditions, 99 — 

[411 



42 South Carolina 



Negro Population, 111 — Rice Crops, 169 — Indigo, 178 — 
Cotton, 198— Corn, 216— Other Cereals, 221— Horses, 
243— Other Live Stock, 252— Mining, 275— Manufac- 
tures, 331— Banking, 462— Finances, 532— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Tobacco, 67 — Rice, 75 — Cotton, 
87 — Cereals, 112 — Live Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — 
Mining, 175— Manufactures, 253— Foreign Trade, 353— 
Wealth, 392, 619— Banking, 429— Finances, 514— Water 
Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, VIII, XI, XII) 

Poets: Allston, VII, 11, 12; XI, 11— Legare, VII, 17; 
XII, 88— Timrod, VII, 20, 21, 22, 30; XII, 461— Simms, 
VII, 21, 26; XII, 390— Hayne, VII, 22, 23, 31; XI, 464— 

McKinley, VII, 52. 

Novelists and Other Writers: Simms, VIII, xxiv, 69; XII, 
390 — Dorr, XI, 288 — Ramsay, XII, 323 — McCrady, 
XII, 100. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

Importance of Colonial Newspapers, VII, 416, 426, 470 — 
Russell's Magazine, VII, 448, 453 — Southern Review, 
VII, 448— Southern Literary Gazette, VII, 450— Other 
Magazines, VII, 451— Noted Editors, VII, 453, 475, 476; 
XI, 271; XII, 272. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Henneman, VII, 134 — Bain, VII, 158 — Smith, VII, 
224— Brackett, VII, 228— Shepard, VII, 231— Ravenel, 
VII, 249— LeConte, VII, 254, 265— Cooper, VII, 263— 
Gorman, VII, 264— Baldwin, VII, 267. (Also see Biog- 
raphies, Vol. XI, XII). 

Other Professions (VII, XI, XII) 

Lawyers: See Statesmen below. 

Physicians: Garden, VII, 357 — Moultrie, VII, 357 — 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 43 

Sims, VII, 366— Bull, VII, 357— Chambers, VII, 357— 
Lining, VII, 357 — Ramsay, VII, 358 — Wilson, VII, 
358— King, VII, 363— Shecut, VII, 363— (See also Biog- 
raphies, Vols. XI, XII). 

Clergymen: Boyce, VII, 516 — Fuller, VII, 517 — Thorn- 
well, VII, 520— Bachman, XI, 32— Duncan, XI, 304— 
England, XI, 324— Lynch, XII, 123. 

Artists and Painters (XI, XII) 

Allston, XI, 11— White, XII, 549— Zogbaum, XII, 585 — 
Fraser, X, 680— Henry, X, 680— Irving, X, 680— Mig- 
not, X, 680— White, X, 680. 

Sculptor: Simons, X, 686. 

Soldiers and Statesmen (IX, XI, XII) 

Generals: Anderson, XI, 16 — Hampton, XI, 439 — Ker- 
shaw, XII, 36— Marion, XII, 159— Pickens, XII, 278— 
Sumter, XII, 430. 

Statesmen: Calhoun, XI, 156 — Hayne, XI, 465 — Mey- 
ward, XI, 490— Middleton, XII, 191— Lowndes, XII, 
117 — Pinckney, XII, 287 — Rutledge, XII, 367 — Till- 
man, XII, 460. Orations by Calhoun, IX, 303; Hayne, 
IX, 342; Legare, IX, 271. 

Life (X) 
Exclusive Circles of First Families, 26 — "Ambulatory 
School," 29 — The Hugenots, 44, 120 — English Influence, 
48— University of South Carolina, 57 — Colonial Settle- 
ments, 100 — Centres of Social Activity, 109 — Noted 
Men, 115 — French Expeditions, 118 — Spanish Expedi- 
tions, 127 — Germans, 139 — Jews, 152 — Indians, 158 — 
Early Interest in Education, 186 — Libraries, 190 — Col- 
leges, 201 — State University, 220, 244 — Presbyterian In- 
fluence, 223 — Baptist and Methodist Influence, 226 — 
Colleges and Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 305 — 
Theological Seminaries, 312 — Technical Education, 
355 — Roman Catholic Influence, 537 ■ — Child Labor, 
585— Settlement Work, 616. 



44 South Carolina 



REVIEW QUESTIONS 

When and by whom was Port Royal founded? (II, 3) 

Who were the English Lords Proprietors? (II, 6) 

For whom was the colony named? (II, 7) 

In what year was Charleston founded? (II, 8) 

What was the first plan of government? (II, 9) 

In what year was a French and Spanish expedition sent 

against Charleston? (II, 11) 
What were the relations between the settlers of North Caro- 
lina and South Carolina? (II, 14) 
What were the chief crops in early days? (II, 17) 
What nationalities were represented in settlements of the 

interior? (II, 18-19) 
What church was formally established? (II, 21) 
When was the first newspaper printed? (II, 25) 
How was the Stamp Act received in Charleston? (II, 27-8) 
What was South Carolina's part in the Revolution? (II, 

29-35) 
What was the free negro plot? (II, 48) 
When was the first Arkwright mill set up? (II, 50) 
What was the Santee Canal project? (II, 55-6) 
When was the first railroad built? (II, 58) 
What was the outcome of the State Bank? (II, 59) 
What was the State's share in the Civil War? (II, 81-93) 
How does South Carolina rank in cotton manufacturing? 

(II, 107) 
What is the leading industry? (II, 108) 
What was the Pinckney Plan? (IV, 119) 
When and how was rice first introduced into the State? 

(V, 169) 
When was the first bank established? (V, 462) 
What is the extent of the commerce passing through the 

port of Charleston? (VI, 353) 
What famous painter has the State produced? Novelist? 

Poets? Soldiers? Statesmen? 



TENNESSEE 

GENERAL HISTORY 

Colonial and Territorial Tennessee (II, 462-479) 

Early Explorations — First Settlements — Wautauga — 
Washington District — Share in Revolutionary War— 
The State of Franklin— The Territory of Tennessee— 
A State in the Union. 

From Statehood to the Confederacy (II, 480-502) 

Constitutional Convention of 1796 — John Sevier, the 
First Governor — Early Religious Bodies — Share in the 
War of 1812— Settlement of West Tennessee— Govern- 
mental Reforms — Prominent Part in National Affairs — 
Constitution of 1834 — Internal Affairs — Political Con- 
ditions — Slavery. 

Tennessee in the Confederacy (II, 503-522) 

Attitude Toward Secession — Share in the Confederacy — 
Participation in the War — Civil Government — Restora- 
tion to Union. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (II, 523-548) 
Conditions After War — Reconstruction Period— Brown- 
low Administration— Ku Klux Klan — Constitution of 
1870 — State Debt — Education — Industries — General 
Growth and Resources. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

Relations with Virginia, 140 — With Kentucky, 142 — 
With Georgia, 147— With Mississippi, 147— With North 
Carolina, 156 — The Memphis Convention, 179. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Negro Population, 111— Tobacco Crops, 165 — Rice, 
171 — Corn, 216 — Other Cereals, 221 — Horses, 242— 

[451 



46 Tennessee 



Other Live Stock, 252 — Mining, 275 — Manufactures, 
331— Banking, 462— Finances, 543— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since the Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Tobacco, 67 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 175 — Manufac- 
tures, 253— Wealth, 392, 619— Banking, 429— Finances, 
512— Water Power, 561. 

I NTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, VIII, XI, XII) 

Baskervill, VII, 71 — Harris, VII, 72, 81; XI, 449 — 
Crockett, VII, 72; XI, 241— Roberts, VII, 72— Guild, 
VII, 72— Murfree, VII, 290; XI, 222; VIII, xlix, 278— 
Bell, VIII, 48 — Boyle, XI, 109 — Burnett, XI, 144 — 
Dromgoole, XI, 296— Elliott, XI, 317. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 422, 426, 470— DeBow's Re- 
view, VII, 458— Sewanee Review, VII, 466— Hunt, VII, 
476— Brownlow, VII, 480; XI, 132— Harris, VII, 480— 
Other Editors, VII, 480. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Baskervill, VII, 129 — Allen, VII, 155 — Humphreys, 
VII, 155— Tolman, VII, 156— Kirkland, VII, 158— Wig- 
gins, VII, 156— Henneman, VII, 134, 294— Froost, VII, 
223— Dudley, VII, 229— Waite, VII, 231— Perkins, VII, 
236— Safford, VII, 254. (See also Biographies, XI, 
XII) 

Lawyers and Statesmen (VII, XI, XII) 

Garland, VII, 335 — Haywood, VII, 344 — Claiborne,. 
VII, 344— Cocke, VII, 344— Nicholson, VII, 346— Bell, 
VII, 346; XI, 66— Harris, VII, 346; XI, 450— Johnson, 
VII, 346; XI, 567 — Jackson, VII, 347 — XI, 540 — 
Polk, XII, 299 — Blount, XI, 94 — Sevier, XII, 382 — 
Orations by Johnson, IX, 63, 345 — Foote, IX, 65. 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 47 

Military Leaders (XI, XII) 

Armstrong, XI, 24 — Bate, XI, 55 — Cheatham, XI, 
190— Ewell, XI, 328 — Forrest, XI, 357 — Pillow, XII, 
284— Stewart, XII, 423— Zollicoffer, XII, 586. 

Social Life (X) 

Early Industrial Development, 24 — Mountain Life, 39 — 
Scotch-Irish Influence, 44 — Early Settlers, 105 — A Con- 
tinuation of North Carolina, 108 — Germans, 139— In- 
dians, 158 — Rise of Colleges, 204 — Presbyterian Influ- 
ence, 223 — University of Tennessee, 224, 243 — Baptist 
Influence, 226— University of the South, 231, 252— Van- 
derbilt University, 231— Scotch-Irish Influence, 241 — 
Colleges and Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 306 — 
Theological Seminaries, 312 — Roman Catholic Influ- 
ence, 537— Child Labor, 585— Settlement Work, 616. 

REVIE\W QUESTIONS 

Who were the first white explorers of Tennessee? (II, 463) 

What was the first settlement? (II, 464) 

Why did Tennessee originally belong to North Carolina? 

(II, 464-5) 
What was the Wautauga Association? (II, 466) 
Who may be called the "Father of Tennessee"? (II, 466) 
What was the Cumberland settlement? (II, 466-70) 
What relation did the State of Franklin bear to the Federal 

Government? (II, 473-6) 
Who was the first territorial governor? (II, 477) 
Why was Tennessee called the "Volunteer State"? (II, 

478) 
Who was the first governor of the State? (II, 481) 
Where did the first general assembly convene? (II, 481) 
What great leader from Tennessee took an active part in 

the War of 1812? (II, 486-7) 
Why was it said from 1830 to 1850 that "Tennessee almost 

ruled the Union"? (II, 491-3) 



48 Tennessee 

What Presidents did the State give the Union? (II, 492-3) 
What was the State's attitude toward secession? (II, 503-9) 
What was the State's stragetic position during the Civil 

War? (II, 510) 
What was the attitude of President Johnson, as a Tennes- 

seean, toward the State? (II, 524-7) 
Who was Parson Brownlow? (II, 526-30) 
Who founded the Ku Klux Klan? (II, 530-1) 
What has been the State's progress in the last few years? 

(II, 541-8) 
When was the greatest period of railway development? 

(IV, 169) 
What was the Jacksonian epoch? (IV, 289) 
When were the first banks established? (V, 462); The 

first newspapers? (VII, 422) 
What three leading universities are in the State? (X) 
What has been the extent and nature of the Scotch-Irish 

influence? (X, 44) 
What four women novelists have been identified with Ten- 
nessee? (XI, 222, 109, 144, 296) 



TEXAS 

GENERAL HISTORY 

Texas as a Part of Mexico (III, 335-358) 

Early French Explorations — Settlement by Spaniards — 
Method of Colonization — Founding of San Antonio — 
Influence of the Missions — American Influence — Fili- 
busters — Slave Trade — Weakness of Spanish Rule — 
American Colonization — Steps to Independence. 

An Independent Republic (III, 359-382) 

Revolt from Mexico — Crockett's Campaign — The Al- 
amo — The Texas Question in the United States — 
Admission as a State. 

From Statehood to Secession (III, 383-401) 

War with Mexico — Boundary Questions — Politics — 
Public Debt — Social Conditions — Slavery — Secession. 

Texas in the Confederacy (III, 402-417) 

Contributions to the Southern Cause — Military Opera- 
tions in Texas — General Conditions. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (III, 417-447) 
Reconstruction — Industrial Conditions — Stock Rais- 
ing — Growth of Population; — Lands — Railroads — Con- 
stitutional Government — Education — Social Condi- 
tions. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

The Annexation of Texas, 242 — Mexican War, 271— 
290 — Texas at Time of Annexation, 307. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Original Land Laws, 64 — Negro Population, 111 — Rice 
Crops, 171— Cotton, 205— Cereals, 221— Cattle Rais- 

149] 



50 Texas 

ing, 247— Other Live Stock, 253— Manufactures, 331— 
Banking, 470— Finances, 537— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Cotton, 87 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158— Mining, 175— Manufac- 
tures, 253— Foreign Trade, 363— Wealth, 392, 619— 
Banking, 429 — Finances, 519 — Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, XI, XII) 

Sweet, VII, 72— Hammett, VII, 72— Yoakum, VII, 
103— Garrison, VII, 103— Johnston, XII, 8. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 423, 426, 470— Belo, VII, 482— 
Borden, XI, 102— Ousley, XII, 243. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Bailey, VII, 228— Fraps, VII, 229— Battle, XI, 59— 
Brooks, XI, 125— Garrison, XI, 388— Mezes, XII, 189. 

Other Professions (VII, XI, XII) 

Lawyers: Houston, VII, 346 — Reagan, VII, 346 — 
Wigfall, VII, 346. Surgeon: Greenville, VII, 367. 
Sculptors: Ney, X, 686 — Coppini, X, 686. 

Soldiers and Statesmen (XI, XII) 

Crockett, XI, 241— Houston, XI, 516— Johnston, XII, 
5— Jones, XII, 17— Terrell, XII, 447. 

Social Life (X) 

Spanish and German Influence, 44, 60 — Original Ter- 
ritory, 107 — French Settlements, 124 — Spanish Settle- 
ments, 126 — Missions and Presidios, 134 — Spanish 
Control, 136 — Germans, 139 — Jews, 155 — Indians, 
158 — Baptist Influence, 226 — University of Texas, 
246 — Roman Catholic Influence, 250, 537 — Colleges 
and Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 306 — Theo- 
logical Seminaries, 312 — Technical Education, 355 — 
Child Labor, 585. 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 51 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

What was the early history of Texas? (Ill, 335-7) 

What was the first settlement? (Ill, 337) 

When was Texas made a separate Spanish province? (Ill, 

342) 
What methods did Spain pursue in colonization? (Ill, 

342-3) 
In what year was San Antonio founded? (Ill, 344-5) 
What share did the monks have in pioneer work? (Ill, 

345-7) 
Who were the filibusters? (Ill, 348-51) 
What was the Austin petition? (Ill, 353-4) 
What were the first towns? (Ill, 356) 
What Mexican general was sent against Texas? (Ill, 362) 
What was the story of the Alamo? (Ill, 364) 
Who was elected President of the Republic of Texas? (Ill, 

367) 
What was the share of the United States in Texas's struggle 

for independence? (Ill, 363) 
What were the circumstances surrounding the admission of 

Texas into the Union? (Ill, 372) 
What was the State's attitude toward slavery? (Ill, 395) 
What was the State's part in the Confederacy? (Ill, 402) 
What was the chief industry of early days? (Ill, 426) 
Why was Texas called the "Lone Star State"? 
What has been the Baptist influence in Texas? (X, 226) 
What two Tennesseeans played a prominent part in the his- 
tory of Texas? (XI, 241, 516) 
What are the principal crops? (VI, 87, 112). 
When were the first Newspapers established? (VII, 423) 
The first Banks? (V, 470) 



VIRGINIA 

GENERAL HISTORY 

The Beginnings of Virginia (I, 1-22) 

Early English Exploration — The Roanoke Colony — 

The London Company — Jamestown — First American 

Legislative Assembly — Charter of London Company 
Annulled. 

Virginia as a Koyal Province (I, 23-45) 

Government of the Royal Province — Claiborne's Strug- 
gle — The Commonwealth Period — Bacon's Rebellion — 
Western Settlements — Intercolonial Affairs — Indian 
Wars — Social Conditions, 1760. 

Economic and Social Life in the Seventeenth Century 
(I, 46-75) 
The Plantation System — Two Classes of Labor — Origin 
of the Land-Owning Class — Class Distinctions — Rela- 
tions With England — Home Life and Diversions. 

From Colony to Commonwealth (I, 76-89) 

Opposition to the Boston Port Bill — Five Popular Con- 
ventions — War With Dunmore — The House of Bur- 
gesses — Adoption of Constitution. 

From Commonwealth to the Confederacy (I, 90-112) 
Outbreak of Revolution — Active Part in Hostilities — 
Claim to Northwest Territory — Share in Framing the 
Federal Constitution — Adoption — Resolutions of 1798- 
9- — Internal Improvements — Sectionalism — Slavery — 
Secession. 

Virginia in the Confederacy (I, 113-126) 

Attitude Toward Secession — Unites with Confederacy — 
Contribution to Southern Army — Share in War. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (I, 127-148) 
Reconstruction and Readmission — The State Debt — 

[52] 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 53 

Political Conditions — -Education — Recent Industries — ■ 
Wealth — Contrast of Old and New Conditions. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (IV) 

First Settlements, 2 — ■ Relations with Maryland, 5 — 
With the Carolinas, 10 — Liberalism, 22 — Virginia Reso- 
lutions, 46, 451— Resolves of 1769, 54— Bill of Rights, 
72 — The Virginia and Maryland Controversy, 108, 136 — 
The Virginia Plan, 117 — Relations with Tennessee, 140 
— With West Virginia, 143 — Territorial Acquisitions, 301. 

Economic History Prior to Civil War (V) 

Land Exploitation, 35 — Private Ownership, 44 — Labor 
Conditions, 87, 94 — -Negro Population, 111 — Tobacco, 
158, 165— Cotton, 197, 216— Cereals, 221— Flax, 233— 
Vegetables, 237 — Peanuts, 239 — Horses, 243 — Other 
Live Stock, 246, 252 — Fisheries, 268— Oysters, 273 — 
Mining, 275 — Manufactures, 331 — Banking, 462— Fi- 
nances, 540— Wealth, 630. 

Economic History Since Civil War (VI) 

Farm Lands, 17, 25 — Tobacco, 67 — Cereals, 112 — Live 
Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 175 — Manufac- 
tures, 253 — Foreign Trade, 353 — Wealth, 392, 619 — 
Banking, 429— Finances, 528— Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Noted Writers (VII, VIII, XI, XII) 

Poets: Early Poets, VII, 5— Maxwell, VII, 11— Dabney, 

VII, 11, 12; XI, 248— Cooke, VII, 16; XI, 228— Hope, 

VII, 18— Thompson, VII, 18, 21, 29— Ticknor, VII, 20— 

Poe, VII, 23; XII, 294— McCabe, VII, 30— Ryan, VII, 

37. 

Humorists: Bagby, VII, 72, 84; XI, 35— Byrd, VII, 73; 

XI, 149. 



54 Virginia 

Writers of Fiction: Chanler, XI, 187; VII, 291— Cooke, 
VIII, xxxix, 159; XI, 226— Glasgow, VII, 292; VIII, 
359; XI, 407— Harrison, VII, 292; VIII, 409; XI, 453— 
Johnston, VII, 292; VIII, 380; XII, 13— Magruder, XII, 
152— Page, VII, 290; VIII, 316; XII, 248— Poe, VII, 
286, 439; VIII, xi, 1; XII, 294— Seawell, XII, 375— 
Terhune, XII, 446— Other Novelists, VIII, xlix. 
Historians: Beverly and others, VII, 91. 

Editors and Periodicals (VII, XI, XII) 

First Newspapers, VII, 414, 426,470 — Southern Liter- 
ary Messenger, VII, 437, 469 — Poe and Other Contribu- 
tors, VII, 439 — Southern Review, VII, 463 — Ritchie, 
VII, 471; XII, 350 — Pleasants, VII, 472 — Daniel, VII, 
473 — Gales and Seaton, VII, 474 — Blair, VII, 474— 
Rives, VII, 474— Pollard, XII, 304. 

Educators and Scientists (VII, XI, XII) 

Jefferson, VII, 119, 244 — Kent, VII, 121 — Harrison, 
VII, 121— Lee, VII, 124— Gildersleeve, VII, 127— Long, 
VII, 136— Peters, VII, 142— Price, VII, 145— Wheeler, 
VII, 145— Humphreys, VII, 147— Hogue, VII, 153— 
Coleman, VII, 163— McCabe, VII, 166— Venable, VII, 
210 — Stone, VII, 213 — Rogers, VII, 227 — Bingham, 
VII, 228— Maury, VII, 232, 287— Davis, VII, 266— 
Trent, VII, 293— Clayton, VII, 357— (Also see Biogra- 
phies.) 

Painters and Sculptors 

Painters: Chapman, X, 680— Cranch, X, 680— Ezekiel, 
X, 680— Kollock, X, 680. 

Sculptors: Valentine, XII, 492— Lukeman, XII, 120— 
Gait, XI, 380— Barbee, XI, 41— Couper, XI, 232— Eze- 
kiel, XI, 331— O'Donovan, X, 686— Shepherd, X, 686. 

Other Professions (VII, XI, XII) 
Lawyers: See Statesmen, below. 

Physicians: Mitchell, VII, 356— Tennant, VII, 356— 
Walker, VII, 357 — Cabell, VII, 357 — McClurg, VII, 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 55 

357— Baynham, VII, 357— Mercer, VII, 358— Stephen, 
VII, 358— Mettauer, VII, 361. (Also see Biographies.) 
Clergymen: Broadus, VII, 515 — McKendree, VII, 517 — 
Bledsoe, VII, 519— Hoge, VII, 521— Meade, XII, 182— 
Campbell, XI, 167— Conway, XI, 224. 

Statesmen 

Marshall, VII, 326; XII, 163 — Daniel, VII, 355; XI, 
255 — Harrison, XI, 452 — Harrison, XI, 456 — Henry, 

XI, 481— Jefferson, VII, 352; XI, 557— Lee, XII, 77— 
Madison, VII, 327; XII, 146— Monroe, XII, 199— Ran- 
dolph, XII, 328 — Taylor, XII, 442 — Tyler, VII, 346; 

XII, 486— Wilson, XII, 563— Wirt, VII, 349; XII, 567— 
Washington, XII, 514. For List of Orators and Ex- 
amples of Oratory, see Vol. IX, 14, 108, 171, 398. 

Generals (XI, XII) 

Early, XI, 308— Gaines, XI, 376— Hill, VII, 491— Jack- 
son, XI, 549— Johnston, XII, 9— Lee, F, XII, 71— Lee, 
R E, XII, 79— Maury, XII, 175— Pickett, XII, 280— 
Rodes, XII, 356— Scott, XII, 372— Stuart, XII, 427— 
Washington, XII, 514. 

Social Life (X) 

Virginia's Influence Upon the Lower South, 18 — The 
Cavaliers, 44 — English Influence, 47 — Jefferson's Ideas 
Upon Education, 52— The "Northern Neck,"63— Rapid 
Increase of Families, 67 — Homes as Social Centres, 68 — 
Church Life, 71- — Interest in Education, 73, 86 — The 
Old Regime, 77 — Colonial Days, 97 — Signers of the Dec- 
laration, 113 — Germans, 139 — Jews, 156 — Indians, 
158 — Rise of Colleges, 198 — University of Virginia, 
221, 244 — Presbyterian Influence, 223 — William and 
Mary College, 238 — Washington and Lee University, 
240— Colleges and Universities, 255 — Medical Colleges, 
306 — Theological Seminaries, 312 — The Established 
Church, 437 — Roman Catholic Influence, 537 — Child 
Labor, 585— Settlement Work, 616. 



56 Virginia 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

For whom was Virginia named? (I, 4) 

What nobleman was interested in the colonization? (I, 4) 

What was the lost Colony of Roanoke? (I, 5-7) 

Who was the first white child born in America? (I, 8) 

What was the first settlement made in America? (I, 11) 

What famous explorer is connected with the colonization of 

Virginia? (I, 11-13) 
When was the first tobacco shipped to England? (I, 17) 
What were some of the first laws enacted? (I, 19) 
What was the story of Claiborne's struggle? (I, 24-5) 
For what did Bacon fight? (I, 29-32) 

When did the French threaten the colony's integrity? (I, 40) 
What were the causes of Braddock's defeat? (I, 42-3) 
What great American here first won renown? (I, 42-3) 
How were the original lands granted? (I, 49-50) 
What two classes of labor were imported? (I, 50-8) 
What Virginians took part in the Revolution? (I, 81) 
How long did the House of Burgesses exist? (I, 84) 
What were the boundaries of Virginia at the close of the 

Revolution? (I, 101) 
Who was the "Father of the Constitution"? (I, 103) 
What was Virginia's share in the government of the new 

nation? (I, 102-8) 
What was Virginia's attitude toward secession? (I, 113-7) 
How many battles and conflicts of the Civil War took place 

on Virginia soil? (I, 122) 
Why was Richmond a stragetic point? (I, 125) 
How did West Virginia come to be formed? (I, 127) 
When was the Jamestown Exposition held, and why? (I, 

141) 
Give a resume of the principal poets from Virginia. Humor- 
ists. Novelists. Historians. (VII, VIII) 
What prominent literary magazine flourished before the 

War? (VII) 
What military leaders has Virginia given? Statesmen? 



WEST VIRGINIA 

GENERAL HISTORY 

While the Two Virginias Were One (I, 333-364) 

Physical Aspects of West Virginia — Early Explora- 
tions — Settlements Before 1754 — Wars with Indians — 
Settlements at Time of Revolution — Battle of Point 
Pleasant — Share in the Revolution — Development After 
Revolution — Share in the War of 1812 — -Fight for Demo- 
cratic Government — Town and Rural Growth. 

How and Why the New State Was Formed (I, 365-384) 
The Two Virginias Before the Divorce — Steps to Sepa- 
rate Statehood— Influence of the Civil War Upon the 
Virginia Government — The New State Issue in Con- 
gress—Lincoln Starts the Machinery of the New State. 

From the Civil War to the Present Day (I, 385-412) 
West Virginia in the Civil War— Politics After the 
War — Industrial Progress — Population and Wealth — 
Education — Interstate Relations. 

POLITICS AND ECONOMICS 

Interstate Relations (I, 365-382; IV, 143-145) 
Virginia and West Virginia. 

Economic History (V and VI) 

Mineral Resources, V, 275— Farm Lands, VI, 17, 25— 
Cereals, 112 — Live Stock, 135 — Fisheries, 158 — Mining, 
175 — Manufactures, 253 — Banking, 429 — -Finances, 
522— Water Power, 561. 

INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL LIFE 

Writers and Educators (VII, XI, XII) 

Hale, VII, 105— Lewis, VII, 105— Fast, VII, 105— 

[57] 



58 West Virginia 



Barbe, XI, 41 — Dandridge, XI, 254 — Humphreys, XI, 
527— White, XII, 549— Wilson, XII, 562. 

Public Men (XI, XII) 

Caperton, XI, 176— Davis, XI, 260— Elkins, XI, 316— 
Faulkner, XI, 338— Willey, I, 370— Carlile, I, 371 — 
Pierpont, I, 375 — Boreman, I, 384 — Post-bellum Gov- 
ernors, I, 393-398. 

Social Life (X) 

Early Settlers, 105— Germans, 139 — Indians, 158 — West 
Virginia University, 246 — Colleges and Universities, 
255 — Medical Colleges, 306 — Roman Catholic Influence, 
537— Child Labor, 585, Settlement Work, 616. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

What Indian tribes originally occupied West Virginia? 

(I, 334) 
In what royal grant was West Virginia included? (I, 334) 
Who were the first explorers? (I, 334-5) 
What is the oldest town? (I, 336) 
What was the Lord Fairfax Patent? (I, 337) 
How was this country affected by the French and Indian 

War? (I, 340-1) 
What was the Indiana Cession? (I, 343) 
What was the Province of Vandalia? (I, 343) 
What was the Province of Westsylvania? (I, 344) 
What was the District of West Augusta? (I, 344) 
What were the incidents of Dunmore's War? (I, 345-7) 
What type of men were the West Virginia pioneers? (I, 

351-2) 
When was the first newspaper established? (I, 353) 
What are the four physical divisions of the State? (I, 361) 
Why did the two Virginias separate? (I, 365-8) 
Who was the first governor of West Virginia? (I, 384) 
What was the State's share in the Civil War? (I, 385) 
What were the West Virginia Certificates? (I, 409-12) 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 59 

What are the State's leading industries and resources today? 

(I, 398-401; VI) 
When were the first banks established? (VI, 429) 
What is the extent of higher education in the State? (X, 

246, 255, 306) 
What public men have served West Virginia? (I, 370, et seq) 

XI, 176, 260, 316, 338) 
What part did West Virginia have in the Revolution? 

(I, 347) 
What part in the 'formation of the Federal Constitution? 

(I, 351) 
How was West Virginia affected by the War of 1812? 

(I, 354) 
What are West Virginia's chief mineral products? (I, 399; 

V, 275) 
What has been the rate of increase in population since 

Statehood? (I, 402) 
What nations were represented in the early settlers? (X, 

105, 139) 
What is the nature and extent of farming in the State? 

(VI, 17, 25, 112) 



THE SOUTH AS A WHOLE 
GENERAL SURVEY 



JFairs (I, xxi-liv) 
The South Misunderstood — Need of a History of the 
South — Conditions of Settlement Different From Those 
of New England — The Spirit of Expansion — Govern- 
ment of Southern Colonies — The South in the Revolu- 
tion—What it meant to the South to Enter the Union — 
Southern Statesmen in American History — Southern 
View of the United States Government — Slavery Agi- 
tation and Secession — Meaning of the Southern Attitude 
Toward the Federal Government— The War and Re- 
construction — The Race Problem — The New South — 
Improved Educational Facilities — Increase in Popula- 
tion, Wealth, Industries, etc. 

POLITICAL HISTORY 

The South in Colonial Politics (IV, 1-64) 

Southern Inter-Colonial Relations — Beginnings of Eng- 
land's Colonial Empire — The South in English Politics — 
The London Company — Navigation Laws — English 
Attitude Toward Slavery — English New Colonial Pol- 
icy — The Stamp Act — Opposition Aroused in the 
South — Rumbles of Revolution — Townshend's Policy — 
Virginia Resolves of 1769 — The Five Coercive Acts — 
First Continental Congress. 

The South in the Formation of the Union (IV, 65-135) 
First Hostilities in the Revolution — The Outbreak in 
the South — Declaration of Independence — Organiza- 
tionof State Governments — Conditions During Revolu- 
tion and at Its Close — Articles of Confederation — Diplo- 
macy During the Revolution and Under the Confedera- 

[60] 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 61 



tion — The South's Share in Framing the Federal Con- 
stitution — Its Ratification by the Southern States. 

Interstate and Intersectional Relations, 1789-1860 (IV 

136-198) 

Interstate Controversies — First Co-operation— Reasons 
for Same— The Augusta Conventions— Memphis Con- 
vention—Immigration—Racial Problems— Origin of the 
Slavery System— The Indian Problem. 

The Slavery Issue (IV, 198-241; 382-422) 

First Importation of Negroes— Legislative Regula- 
tions—Volume of Traffic— Active Demand for Negroes — 
State Prohibition of Foreign Trade— Domestic Trade- 
Restrictions— The Question of Cruelty— Runaways- 
Stolen Slaves— Outrages and Lynch Law— Slave Con- 
spiracies and Revolts— Free Negroes— A Cause of Sec- 
tionalism — Localization — Anti-slavery Movement of 
Revolutionary Period— Gradual Growth of Issue as 
Between North and South— Anit-slavery Societies and 
Agitation — The Abolitionists — Political and Public 
Movements Leading to Secession. 

The Indian Problem (IV, 194-197; 423-441) 

Early Indians— Federal Indian Policy— The Mission- 
aries—The Creeks — The Choctaws — The Georgia 
Tribes— The Cherokees— The Chickasaws— The Semi- 
noles — In the Indian Territory. 

The South in Federal and Foreign Affairs, Until 1860 
(IV, 242-381) 
The Annexation of Texas— The Annexation of Cuba— 
The War of 1812— The Mexican War— Florida Pur- 
chase—Monroe Doctrine— Mosquito Coast— Policy of 
Expansion— Virginia's Territorial Acquisitions— The 
Louisiana Purchase— Gadsden Purchase— Rise of Politi- 
cal Parties— Masses and Classes— Slavery— State Debts 
and Finances. 

The Question of Secession (IV, 442-486) 

The South's Attitude Toward State's Rights— Interpre- 



62 The South as a Whole 

tation of the Constitution — Virginia and Kentucky- 
Resolutions — The Legality of Secession — The Principle 
of Secession Historically Traced. 

The South in the Confederacy (IV, 487-552) 

Constitution and Government of the Confederacy — 
The South in the Progress of the War — Diplomatic Re- 
lations of the Confederacy — Why the Confederacy 
Failed. 

The South in National Politics (IV, 553-655) 

Political Effects of the War — The Reconstruction 
Period— Lincoln and Reconstruction — Johnson and 
Reconstruction — The Congressional Plan — Era of Po- 
litical Misrule — Overthrow of Reconstruction — Its Po- 
litical Results — Recent Diplomacy — Alabama Claims — 
War With Spain — Hawaii and the Philippines. 

ECONOMIC HISTORY 

Growth and Development, 1607-1865 (V) 

Physical Features — Original Inhabitants — Immigration 
and Settlement — Land Development and Ownership — 
Labor Conditions — Progress in Agriculture — Animal 
Industry — Forest Products — Game and Game Laws — 
Fisheries — Mining — Manufactures — Transportation 
and Communication — Commerce — Value and Ex- 
change — Money, Credit and Banking — Regulation of 
Industry — Finances of the Confederacy — Finances of 
Each State Prior to War — Economic Progress — Social 
Conditions. 

Growth and Development, 1865-1910 (VI) 

Economic Conditions During Reconstruction — Land — 
Labor Conditions — Agriculture — Forestry — Live 
Stock — Fisheries — Game and Game Protection — Min- 
ing — Manufactures — Transportation and Communica- 
tion — Commerce — Value and Exchange — Money, Cred- 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 63 

it. and Banking — Government Relation to Industry — 
Finances of Each State — Economic Progress — Social 
Conditions — The Panama Canal — Present Outlook. 

INTELLECTUAL LIFE 

General Survey (VII, xv-xliv) 

Literary Traits and Influence — Intellectual Tenden- 
cies — Material Development — Educational Progress — 
Literature and History — Intellectual Independence. 

Southern Poetry (VII, 1-54) 

The Colonial Period — The Revolutionary Period — The 
Early National Period — The War Poets — Latter-day 
Poets and Poetry. 

Estimates of the work of: Shaw, Maxwell, Dabney, 
Allston, Wilde, Pinckney, Pike, Cooke, Legare, Meek, 
Hope, Thompson, Key, O'Hara, Randall, Timrod, 
Ticknor, Ryan, Simms, Poe, Hayne, Lanier, Preston, 
Russell, Tabb, Cawein. (See also Biographies, Vols. 
XI, XII). 

Southern Fiction (VII, 55—87; Vol. VIII) 

Folk-lore of the Indian — Folk-lore of the Negro — 
Southern Wit and Humor. Humorists: Longstreet, 
Harris, Thompson, Johnston, Baldwin, Hooper, Crock- 
ett, Smith, Bagby, Prentice, Sweet, Guild, Thorpe, 
Hammett. (See also Vols. XI and XII, Biography) 
Novelists and Story Writers: Poe, Kennedy, Simms. 
Longstreet, Cooke, Hooper, Baldwin, Harris, Page, 
Cable, Allen, Murfree, Stuart, Johnston, Glasgow. 
(The foregoing are summed up in an excellent study 
by Mims, VIII, xi-lxv.) Examples by the following 
writers in Vol. VIII: Poe, Simms, Kennedy, Cooke, 
Longstreet, Thompson, Hooper, Baldwin, Harris, Cable, 
urfree, Page, Allen, Glasgow, Johnston, Harrison, 
King, Little. 



64 The South as a Whole 

Southern Historians and Literary Essayists (VII, 88-135) 
Early Pamphleteers — Various State Historians — Ben- 
ton — Stephens — Shaler — Curry — Other Historians and 
Biographers — English Studies in the South — Rise of 
Universities — Professors and Their Work and Influence. 

Technical and Scientific Writings (VII, 136-371) 

Classical Studies — Economic and Political Essays — 
Contributions to Mathematics and Astronomy — Phys- 
ical Science — Natural History — Philosophy — Contribu- 
tions to Northern Culture — Influence of New England 
Upon the South — Louisiana's Contributions to Two 
Literatures — Law Writers of the South — Writings on 
Medicine and Surgery. 

Southern Editors and Periodicals (VII, 402-484) 

Early Journalism — Lines of Development — Relation to 
Industrial Growth — Southern Magazines — Southern 
Literary Messenger — Influence of Magazines Upon 
Literature— Southern Editors— Their Influence Upon 
Political and Public Thought. 

Southern Historical Societies (VII, 511-521) 

Early History — After the War of Secession — Confed- 
erate Veterans — United Daughters of the Confederacy — 
Later Associations and Their Service to History and 
Letters. 

Intellectual Progress of the Negro (VII, 522-540) 

Characteristics — Development — DuBois and Washing- 
ton as Separate Types — -Douglass — Dunbar — Bishop 
Turner — Other Writers and Educators — Negro Schools 
and Institutions. (See also Vol. X, 166-183; 397-418) 

EDUCATIONAL MOVEMENTS 

General Survey (X, 184-236) 

Education in the Southern Colonies — Early Interest — 
Libraries and Colleges — Rural Schools — Progress Up 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 65 

to Time of Civil War — Institutions in Virginia — Mary- 
land — North Carolina — South Carolina — Georgia — Ten- 
nessee — Kentucky — Other States — Education Since the 
War — Three Educational Advances — Higher Educa- 
tion — Denominational Institutions — Higher Education 
Before and After the War. 

Universities and Colleges (X, 237-259) 

Beginnings of Higher Education — State Universities — 
Agricultural and Mechanical Colleges — Denominational 
Institutions — Schools for Specific Purposes — List of Col- 
leges and Universities. 

Southern Libraries (VII, 484-510) 

First Libraries — Jefferson's Collection — Byrd's Collec- 
tion — Other Virginia Libraries — Bray's Scheme — Rise 
of Public Libraries — College Libraries. 

Branches of Public Education (X, 260-303; 381-386) 
Kindergartens — Elementary Education — Secondary 
Education — Higher Education of Women — Normal 
Education. 

Technical and Specialized Education (X, 303-380) 

Medical Colleges — Work in Various States — Theologic- 
al Education — Endowments — Legal Education — His- 
tory of Technical Education — Conditions and Needs — 
Industrial Education — Agricultural Education — Vari- 
ous Phases — Farmers' Unions. 

Educational Agencies and Ideals (X, 387-429) 

The Peabody Fund — Slater Fund — Southern Educa- 
tion Board — General Education Board — Carnegie Foun- 
dation — Sage Foundation — Jeanes Fund — Early 
Ideals — Changes Wrought by War — Peculiar Problems 
of the South. 

Education of Negroes (VII, 537-540; X, 397, 405, 418) 
Negro Schools and Institutions — The Jeanes Fund — 
Hampton Institute — Progress in Education — Present 
Problems— Tuskeegee. (See also X, 166-183) 



66 The South as a Whole 

RELIGIOUS AND PUBLIC MOVEMENTS 

Denominational Lines of Church Growth (X, 430-464) 
Numerical Strength and Work of Various Religious 
Bodies — Special Features — The Established Church in 
Virginia — The Protestant Episcopal Church — The Ro- 
man Catholic Church — The Presbyterian Church — 
The Baptist Church— The Methodist Church— The 
Disciples of Christ — Religion and the Negro — Other 
Movements. 

Development of Religious Liberty (X, 466-481) 

Religious Liberty in the Colonies — The Act of Tolera- 
tion — Early Influences — The Virginia Bill of Rights — 
Support of Religion by the State. 

The Southern Pulpit (X, 510-551) 

Some Distinguished Names in the Southern Pulpit — 
Influence of Protestantism — Comparison With Other 
Religious Beliefs — Influence of the Catholic Church. 

Other Religious Movements (X, 482-509) 

The Young Men's Christian Association — The Sunday 
School — The Laymen's Missionary Movement. 

Public and Social Activities (X, 568-602; 616-622) 

Temperance Reform — The Problem of Child Labor — 
Social Settlement Work — Care and Treatment of De- 
fectives. 

Woman's Work in the South (X, 623-644) 

Southern Women in Social and Economic Life — Hospi- 
tal and Charity Work — Memorial and Educational 
Work — Clubs and Organizations — The Southern Wo- 
man in Literature — Share in the Educational Progress 
of the South. 

Farmer's Co-operative Movements (X, 603-615; 657- 

672) 

Reforms Needed in Rural Life — Remedy Offered by 
the Farmer's Co-operative Demonstration Work — 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 67 

Field Schools — Special Features — Effect of Work — 
Life in the Rural South. 

Fraternal Organizations in the South (X, 645-653) 

Free Masonry — The Odd Fellows — The Red Men — 
The Knights of Pythias— The Elks— Influence of Fra- 
ternal Orders. 

History of Southern Oratory (VII, 341-355; Vol. IX) 
Influence of the Bench and Bar — Southern Oratory 
During the Colonial Period — The Formative and Revo- 
lutionary Periods — The Federal Period — The War 
Period — Post-bellum Oratory — Political Oratory — Ora- 
tory of the Bench and Bar — Pulpit Oratory — Public 
Speaking in General. 

Orations and Speeches (IX, 169-514) 

Examples by Henry, Martin, Clay, Pinkney, Legare, 
McDuffie, Calhoun, Toombs, Yancey, Hayne, Johnson, 
Hill, Grady, Wirt, Prentiss, Breckenridge, Stephens, 
Davis, W. C. P. Breckenridge, Graves, Browder, Wat- 
son, Watterson, Hardin, Smith, Mullins, Jones. (For 
Biographies, see Vols. XI and XII) 

AESTHETIC LIFE OF THE SOUTH 

Southern Music and Musicians (VII, 372-401) 

Early Musical Development — Opera in New Orleans — 
Gottschalk — Mason — Van Der Stucken — Negro Mu- 
sic — Patriotic Songs — Present-day Music — Musical Cul- 
ture. 

Painting, Sculpture, and Pottery (X, 673-686; 698-712) 
Painting in the South — Unfavorable Conditions — 
Southern Artists and Their Works — Sculpture — South- 
ern Sculptors of Note — Pottery — Growth of the In- 
dustry — Modern Clay Industries in the South — Lead- 
ing States. 

Architecture in the South (X, 687-697) 

General Characteristics — Three Prevailing Types — 



68 The South as a Whole 

Public Buildings and Churches — French and Spanish 
Influence. 

SOCIAL AND RACIAL ELEMENTS 

Distinct Trend of Social Life (X, 1-43) 

The Upper South — Influence of Slavery — The City 
Versus the Country — The Lower South — An Inherited 
Social System — Agriculture and the Negro — Limita- 
tions—Civil Conflict— The New South — The Appal- 
achian Region — The Mountaineers — Work for the 
Children. 

European Influences in the South (X, 44-62) 

Diverse Elements — English Influence — French Influ- 
ence — German Influences — Spanish Influence — Effect 
of Blending. 

The Aristocracy and the Old Regime (X, 63-96) 

The Northern Neck — Homes as Social Centres — The 
Church in Social Life — Industry and Education — De- 
cline of the Old System — The Old Regime in Virginia — 
Slavery — The Home — Men and Women of the Old 
Regime. 

Racial Elements in the South (X, 97-183; 44-62; 552- 
567; IV, 382-441; VII, 524-540) 

The English in the South— The French— The Spanish— 
The Germans — The Jews — The Indians — The Ne- 
groes. 

REVIEW QUESTIONS 

How did settlement and colonization differ in the South 
from that of the New England coast? (I, xxiv) 

How were the Southern colonies governed, and by what 
nations? (I, xxviii — See States also.) 

Was the spirit of Revolution the same in the South as in 
the North? (I, xxx) 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 69 

What sacrifices did the South make to enter the Federal 

Union? (I, xxxii) 
How many Presidents have come from the South? Name 

them. (I, xxxiv) 
What other famous statesmen has the South contributed 

to the Union? (I, xxxv) 
How early did the slavery question arise? (I, xxxviii) 
What share did the South have in the Declaration of Inde- 
pendence? (IV, 70) In the framing and adoption of 

the Federal Constitution? (IV, 108) 
What military leaders did it contribute to the War of 

Independence? (I, 92; 183, 470; II, 31, 147) 
What four Southerners are famous in naval history? (XI, 

336, 500; XII, 19, 377) 
What Southern general was in command in the Mexican 

War? (XII, 372.) 
Name fifteen noted generals who fought for the Southern 

cause. (XI, 62, 112, 213, 308, 328, 357, 411, 549; 

XII, 9, 79, 112, 215, 280, 427, 541) 
What President was taught to read and write by his wife? 

(XI, 567) 
For what talents and deeds was Jefferson famous? (XI, 557) 
When did political parties originate? (IV, 321.) 
When and by what conventions did the Southern States 

first come together for interstate co-operation? (IV, 

173) 
What part did the South play in the War of 1812? (IV, 

262); in the Mexican War? (IV, 271) 
Upon what grounds was the principle of secession based? 

(IV, 472) 
How did President Johnson's plan of reconstruction differ 

from that of Congress? (IV, 590) 
What were the land systems of the English colonies in the 

South? (V, 34) 
When was the first tobacco shipped to England? (V, 158) 
When and where was the culture of rice first introduced? 

(V, 169) 



70 The South as a Whole 

What different classes of labor were in the old South? (V, 

86) 
When were the first railroads built? (V, 358) 
What kind of currency was used in colonial and early- 
State days? (V, 442) 
What Southern States tried the experiment of State banks, 

and with what result? (V, 461) 
What economic causes lay back of the Civil War? (V, 656) 
What have been the most valuable Southern crops since the 

War? (VI, 66, 72, 78, 87) 
What are the chief minerals produced? (VI, 175) 
In what lines of manufacturing does the South excel? 

(VI, 253) 
What are the principal Southern ports? (VI, 326, 353, 363) 
How will the Panama Canal affect Southern trade? (VI, 

642) 
Who were the principal Southern poets before the War? 

(VII, 8) After the War? (VII, 25) 
Who wrote "The Star Spangled Banner," and under what 

circumstances? (XII, 39) 
Who wrote "Maryland, My Maryland," and when? (XII, 

324) 
Who wrote the martial words of "Dixie"? (XII, 284) 
What Catholic writer has been called "The Poet of the 

Confederacy"? (XII, 368) 
What noted novelists have come from the South? (Vol. 

VIII) Humorists? (VII, 73) 
What State has produced two literatures? (VII, 317) 
What two great composers have come from the South? 

(VII, 389) 
What city was the musical centre of the old South? (VII, 

386) 
When was the first Southern newspaper printed, and where? 

(VII, 410) 
What literary magazine was famous before the War; and 
what great writers contributed to it? (VII, 437) 



Suggestive Reading and Study Courses 71 

Mention ten famous orators whom the South has produced. 

(VII, 351; Vol. IX) 
Who was the "Great Kentuckian"? (XI, 208) The 

"Great Missourian"? (XI, 72) 
In what way did Clay and Calhoun differ as to States' 

Rights? (IV, 330) 
What painters have come from the South? (X, 679) 
What peoples and races have met and fused in the South? 

(X, 44) 
What two racial problems has the South had to face? (X, 

160, 166; IV, 423) 
What State had a landed aristocracy to a noteworthy 

degree? (X, 77) 
In what States did the English influence predominate? 

(X, 47) The Spanish? (X, 61) The French? (X, 

50, 61) 
What were the causes which led up to the Mexican War? 

(IV, 27) 
What was the "secret war" of 1798, and what part did 

the South play in it? (IV, 259) 
What was the South's share in the Spanish-American War? 

(IV, 649) 
What influence has the Roman Catholic Church had upon 

Southern life and culture? (X, 538, 455) 
What States have been most influenced by the Protestant 

Episcopal Church? (X, 454) The Presbyterian? (X, 

457) The Methodist? (X, 460) The Baptist? (X, 

458) 
In what States has German settlement been noteworthy? 

(X, 139) 
What part have the Jews had in Southern life? (X, 151) 
Make a list of the prominent State and denominational 

Universities of the South. (X, 237) 
What noted Southern jurist was Chief Justice for thirty 

years? (XII, 163) 
What Southerners are among the Founders of the American 

Nation? (XI, 557; XII, 77, 146, 163, 514) 



72 The South as a Whole 

Under what Southern President was the Louisiana Purchase 

consummated? (XI, 557) 
Under what Southern President was Texas and the Pacific 

slope added to the United States? (XII, 299) 
Under what Southern President was Alaska added? (XI, 

567) 
What Southern State generously ceded all rights to the 

Northwest Territory to the Union? (I, 101) 
What two explorers from the South opened up the Yellow- 
stone country and the Far West? (XII, 95) 
What territory was ceded to the Union by Georgia? (II, 

153) 
What Southerners took an active part in the Spanish- 
American War? (XI, 500; XII, 71, 541) 
Where and when was the first musical society organized in 

America? (VII, 374) 
Where was the first opera house built in America? (VII, 

386) 
What American composer first won distinction abroad? 

(VII, 389) 
What President was also a great architect? (XI, 557) 
When did pottery commence in the South? (X, 698) 
Name five noted sculptors who came from the South. (X, 

686) 
Whose library took the place of the Congressional Library 

destroyed by the British in 1812? (VII, 489) 
When and where were the first libraries established in the 

South? (VII, 485) 
What was the prevailing type of architecture in the old 

South? (X, 693) 
What two other types of architecture have influenced the 

South? (X, 695) 
Name some distinguished clergymen who have occupied 

Southern pulpits. (X, 515) 
What is the oldest college in the South, and the second 

oldest in America? (X, 237) 
What Southern universities were founded in the Eighteenth 

Century? (X, 237-243) 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




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